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How To Find Torque with Mass: With Problem Examples

January 21, 2024May 22, 2022 by Harshitha H N

Torque is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the rotational force applied to an object. It plays a crucial role in understanding rotational motion and is essential for various applications, such as engineering, mechanics, and even sports. In this blog post, we will explore how to find torque with mass and distance, providing you with a clear understanding of the underlying principles and practical calculations involved.

How to Calculate Torque with Mass and Distance

The Torque Equation

To calculate torque, we use the equation:

$\text{Torque} = \text{Force} \times \text{Distance}$

In this equation, the force refers to the force applied to the object, and the distance is the perpendicular distance between the axis of rotation and the point where the force is applied. The unit of torque is typically expressed in Newton-meters (Nm) or foot-pounds (ft-lb), depending on the unit system used.

Steps to Calculate Torque Given Mass and Distance

To calculate torque using mass and distance, you need to follow these steps:

Identify the force applied to the object. This force can be due to various factors, such as gravity, friction, or an external force applied intentionally.
Determine the distance from the axis of rotation to the point where the force is applied. This distance should be measured perpendicular to the line of action of the force.
Multiply the force by the distance to calculate the torque.

Let’s walk through an example to illustrate this process.

Worked Out Example: Calculating Torque with Mass and Distance

Suppose we have a wooden beam of mass 10 kg, and we apply a force of 20 N at a distance of 2 meters from the axis of rotation. To find the torque, we can use the equation mentioned earlier:

$\text{Torque} = \text{Force} \times \text{Distance}$

Substituting the values, we get:

$\text{Torque} = 20 \, \text{N} \times 2 \, \text{m} = 40 \, \text{Nm}$

Thus, the torque applied to the wooden beam is 40 Nm.

Advanced Concepts in Finding Torque

Finding Torque for Angled Forces

In some cases, the force may not act perpendicular to the line connecting the point of application to the axis of rotation. In such situations, we can find the torque by considering the perpendicular component of the force.

To calculate the torque when the force is at an angle, we use the following modified equation:

$\text{Torque} = \text{Force} \times \text{Distance} \times \sin(\theta)$

Where:
– $\theta$ is the angle between the force vector and the line connecting the point of application to the axis of rotation.

How to Find Torque without Mass

While mass is commonly used to calculate torque, it is essential to note that torque can also be determined without explicitly considering the mass of the object. In such cases, we rely on the concept of moment of inertia.

The moment of inertia $\(I$ ) of an object is a measure of its resistance to rotational motion. It depends on both the mass distribution and the axis of rotation. The torque can be calculated using the following equation:

$\text{Torque} = \text{Moment of Inertia} \times \text{Angular Acceleration}$

Where:
– $\text{Moment of Inertia}$ is a property of the object determined by its mass distribution and shape,
– $\text{Angular Acceleration}$ refers to the rate of change of angular velocity.

How to Find Torque without Force

Similarly, torque can also be determined without explicitly knowing the force applied to the object. This is possible when the angular acceleration is known. In such cases, we can use the following equation to calculate torque:

$\text{Torque} = \text{Moment of Inertia} \times \text{Angular Acceleration}$

This equation is derived from Newton’s second law for rotational motion, which states that the torque on an object is equal to the product of moment of inertia and angular acceleration.

Finding the Magnitude of the Torque

In certain scenarios, it may be necessary to find the magnitude of the torque acting on an object without considering its direction. To do so, we can use the following equation:

$\text{Magnitude of Torque} = \text{Force} \times \text{Lever Arm Length}$

The lever arm length is the perpendicular distance between the axis of rotation and the line of action of the force.

Practical Applications of Torque Calculations

How to Find Torque on a Wheel

One practical application of torque calculations is determining the torque exerted on a wheel. This is particularly important in the automotive industry, where torque is used to measure the force that drives a vehicle’s wheels. By accurately calculating the torque, engineers can design more efficient and powerful vehicles.

How to Find the Mass of a Ruler Using Torque

how to find torque with mass — Image by Er. Darshan Dodia – Wikimedia Commons, Wikimedia Commons, Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Torque can also be used to find the mass of an object with a known distance and force applied. For example, consider a ruler balanced on a pivot point. By applying a known force at a measured distance from the pivot, we can calculate the mass of the ruler using the torque equation.

How to Find Center of Mass with Torque

Torque calculations can be used to determine the center of mass of an object. By applying a force to the object at different distances from the axis of rotation and measuring the resulting torque, we can find the position of the center of mass. This information is crucial in various fields, including engineering, physics, and biomechanics.

By understanding how to find torque with mass and distance, you can apply this knowledge to solve various real-world problems involving rotational motion.

Numerical Problems on how to find torque with mass

A disk with a mass of 2 kg is rotating with an angular velocity of 3 radians per second. Calculate the torque exerted on the disk.

Solution:

Given:
Mass of the disk, $m = 2 \, \text{kg}$
Angular velocity, $\omega = 3 \, \text{rad/s}$

The formula to calculate torque is given by:
$\text{Torque} = I \cdot \alpha$

Where:
$I$ is the moment of inertia of the disk
$\alpha$ is the angular acceleration of the disk

To find the moment of inertia, we can use the formula:
$I = m \cdot r^2$

Where:
$r$ is the radius of the disk

Assuming the disk has a radius of 0.5 meters, we can calculate the moment of inertia:
$I = 2 \, \text{kg} \cdot (0.5 \, \text{m})^2 = 0.5 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m}^2$

Since the angular acceleration is zero (as there is no change in angular velocity), the torque exerted on the disk is also zero.

Therefore, the torque exerted on the disk is 0 Nm.

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A uniform rod of length 1.5 meters and mass 4 kg is pivoted at one end and is at rest. A force of 10 N is applied perpendicular to the rod at a distance of 0.5 meters from the pivot point. Find the torque exerted on the rod by the force.

Solution:

Given:
Length of the rod, $L = 1.5 \, \text{m}$
Mass of the rod, $m = 4 \, \text{kg}$
Force applied, $F = 10 \, \text{N}$
Distance from the pivot point, $r = 0.5 \, \text{m}$

The formula to calculate torque is given by:
$\text{Torque} = F \cdot r$

Substituting the given values:
$\text{Torque} = 10 \, \text{N} \cdot 0.5 \, \text{m} = 5 \, \text{Nm}$

Therefore, the torque exerted on the rod by the force is 5 Nm.

A wheel with a moment of inertia of 0.2 kg·m² is rotating with an angular velocity of 4 radians per second. Calculate the torque required to stop the wheel in 2 seconds.

Solution:

Given:
Moment of inertia of the wheel, $I = 0.2 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m}^2$
Angular velocity, $\omega = 4 \, \text{rad/s}$
Time, $t = 2 \, \text{s}$

The formula to calculate torque is given by:
$\text{Torque} = I \cdot \alpha$

Where:
$\alpha$ is the angular acceleration of the wheel

Since we want to stop the wheel, the final angular velocity will be 0 rad/s. We can find the angular acceleration using the formula:
$\omega = \omega_0 + \alpha \cdot t$

Substituting the given values:
$0 = 4 \, \text{rad/s} + \alpha \cdot 2 \, \text{s}$

Solving for $\alpha$ :
$\alpha = \frac{-4 \, \text{rad/s}}{2 \, \text{s}} = -2 \, \text{rad/s}^2$

Substituting the values of $I$ and $\alpha$ in the torque formula:
$\text{Torque} = 0.2 \, \text{kg} \cdot \text{m}^2 \cdot (-2 \, \text{rad/s}^2) = -0.4 \, \text{Nm}$

Therefore, the torque required to stop the wheel in 2 seconds is -0.4 Nm.

Also Read:

The Direction of Torque: A Comprehensive Guide for Physics Students

June 24, 2024May 22, 2022 by Harshitha H N

Torque is a fundamental concept in physics, describing the rotational force that can cause an object to spin around an axis. Understanding the direction of torque is crucial for solving problems in rotational dynamics and kinematics. This comprehensive guide will delve into the technical details and provide a hands-on approach to mastering the direction of torque.

Understanding Torque as a Vector Quantity

Torque is a vector quantity, meaning it has both a magnitude and a direction. The direction of the torque vector is determined by the right-hand grip rule. Imagine curling your fingers around the axis of rotation, with your fingers pointing in the direction of the force. Your thumb will then point in the direction of the torque vector.

The torque vector defines the axis of motion that the object tends to rotate around. This is crucial in understanding the behavior of rotating systems, as the direction of the torque vector determines the direction of the rotational motion.

Describing the Plane of Rotation

The direction of the torque vector also provides information about the plane in which the object is rotating or could potentially rotate. One way to describe this plane is using the point normal form, where a vector perpendicular to the plane represents the torque vector.

This perpendicular vector, known as the normal vector, is essential in understanding the orientation of the rotational motion. It allows us to visualize the plane of rotation and the direction of the torque vector within that plane.

The Right-Hand Rule Convention

The use of the right-hand rule to determine the direction of the torque vector is a convention in physics. This convention is followed consistently, as it allows us to utilize the framework of vector mechanics in problems involving angular momentum and other rotational quantities.

The right-hand rule states that if you curl your fingers around the axis of rotation, with your fingers pointing in the direction of the force, your thumb will point in the direction of the torque vector. This convention is essential in maintaining consistency and simplifying the analysis of rotational systems.

Measuring Torque in Static and Rotating Systems

Measuring torque in a non-rotating, or static, system is relatively straightforward. By measuring the force and the length of the moment arm, the torque can be calculated directly using the formula: τ = r × F, where τ is the torque, r is the moment arm, and F is the force.

However, measuring torque in a rotating system is more challenging. One method involves measuring the strain within the metal of a drive shaft that is transmitting the torque and sending this information wirelessly. This allows for the indirect measurement of the torque in a rotating system.

Torque in Rotational Kinematics

The direction of the torque vector is a crucial concept in rotational kinematics, the study of the motion of rotating objects. The torque vector defines the axis of rotation and the direction of the rotational motion. This information is essential in analyzing the angular acceleration, angular velocity, and angular momentum of rotating systems.

For example, consider a rigid body rotating around a fixed axis. The torque vector will be perpendicular to the plane of rotation and will determine the direction of the angular acceleration and the resulting rotational motion.

Numerical Examples and Problem-Solving

To solidify your understanding of the direction of torque, let’s explore some numerical examples and problem-solving techniques.

Example 1: A force of 10 N is applied to a lever arm with a length of 2 m. Determine the direction of the torque vector.

Given:
– Force, F = 10 N
– Moment arm, r = 2 m

Using the right-hand rule, we can determine the direction of the torque vector:
1. Curl your fingers around the axis of rotation, with your fingers pointing in the direction of the force.
2. Your thumb will point in the direction of the torque vector.

In this case, the torque vector will be perpendicular to the plane formed by the force and the moment arm, and it will point in the direction of the thumb.

Example 2: A wheel is rotating clockwise around a fixed axis. Determine the direction of the torque vector.

To find the direction of the torque vector, we can use the right-hand rule:
1. Curl your fingers around the axis of rotation, with your fingers pointing in the direction of the rotational motion (clockwise).
2. Your thumb will point in the direction of the torque vector.

In this case, the torque vector will be perpendicular to the plane of rotation and will point in the direction of the thumb, which is upward.

Example 3: A force of 5 N is applied to a lever arm with a length of 1 m, causing the lever to rotate counterclockwise around a fixed axis. Determine the direction of the torque vector.

Given:
– Force, F = 5 N
– Moment arm, r = 1 m
– Rotational motion is counterclockwise

Using the right-hand rule:
1. Curl your fingers around the axis of rotation, with your fingers pointing in the direction of the force.
2. Your thumb will point in the direction of the torque vector.

In this case, the torque vector will be perpendicular to the plane formed by the force and the moment arm, and it will point in the direction of the thumb, which is downward.

These examples demonstrate how to apply the right-hand rule to determine the direction of the torque vector in various scenarios, including static and rotating systems.

Conclusion

The direction of the torque vector is a fundamental concept in physics, with far-reaching applications in rotational dynamics and kinematics. By understanding the right-hand rule, the relationship between the torque vector and the plane of rotation, and the techniques for measuring torque in different systems, you can develop a comprehensive understanding of this essential topic.

Through the examples and problem-solving exercises provided, you can practice applying the principles of torque direction and solidify your knowledge. Remember, mastering the direction of torque is crucial for success in physics and the analysis of rotational motion.

References

Dewesoft. (n.d.). How to Measure Torque. Retrieved from https://dewesoft.com/blog/how-to-measure-torque
FUTEK. (n.d.). Torque Measurement. Retrieved from https://www.futek.com/torque-measurement
ThoughtCo. (2019). Calculating Torque. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/calculating-torque-2698804
Physics Stack Exchange. (2017). Why does torque point perpendicular to direction of the motion? Retrieved from https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/321540/why-does-torque-point-perpendicular-to-direction-of-the-motion
Khan Academy. (n.d.). Torque tutorial. Retrieved from https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/torque-angular-momentum/torque-tutorial/a/torque
Britannica. (n.d.). Torque. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/science/torque
Engineering ToolBox. (n.d.). Torque Dynamics. Retrieved from https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/torque-dynamics-d_1783.html
Measurand. (n.d.). Torque Measurement Basics. Retrieved from https://www.measurand.com/knowledge-base/torque-measurement-basics/

13+ Nuclear Reactions Examples: Detailed Explanations

January 21, 2024May 14, 2022 by Harshitha H N

In the present article, we will focus on the nuclear reaction examples and their detailed explanations.

Any two atomic nuclei or one atomic nucleus and a subatomic particle collide with each other to give one or more nuclides. Such processes are generally named nuclear reactions. The atomic nuclei which react are different from that of the nuclides that are produced due to the reactions.

In the upcoming section, let us discuss about different nuclear reaction examples.

Nuclear fission

A nucleus that is considered to be heavy has the ability to give two parts out of it through splitting. The resultant parts are found to be smaller than the parent or reacting nucleus. This kind of decay process is generally regarded as nuclear fission. The gamma rays are the most probable resultant that may possess few atomic particles (protons and neutrons). The fact, along with the daughter nuclei, we may also expect an enormous amount of energy to be released during the process. It can be one of the nuclear reactions examples.

Nuclear fusion

A different kind of atomic nuclei is said to be formed when any two atoms tend to stick or else get combined together. The atomic nuclei formed may number from one to many, which are also accompanied by some of the subatomic particles, well-known ones to be protons and neutrons. Here also, we may expect a large quantity of energy to be released during the process. It is one of the nuclear reactions examples.

Alpha decay

Alpha decay is also one of the most common nuclear reactions. It can be one of the nuclear reactions examples. In alpha decay, we consider a nucleus regarded as the parent nuclei. Thus, taken parent nuclei go on to liberate a helium nucleus whose atomic mass number values four and its atomic number has a value of 2. So, when this helium nucleus or the alpha particle is emitted, the atomic mass number and atomic number corresponding to that of the daughter nuclei are supposed to decrease by 4 and 2, respectively. For example,

²²⁶Ra → ²²²Rn + ⁴₂α

Beta-decay

Beta-decay is also one of the most common nuclear reactions. It is one of the nuclear reactions examples. In beta decay, we consider a nucleus that can be regarded as the parent nuclei. Thus, taken parent nuclei go on to liberate a high-energy electron. So, when this electron or the beta particle is emitted, the atomic mass number corresponding to that of the daughter nuclei remains the same as that of the parent. An atomic number is supposed to decrease by one. For example,

¹⁴₆C → ¹⁴₇N + ⁰_-1β

Gamma decay

Any two atomic nuclei or one atomic nucleus and a subatomic particle collide with each other to give one or more nuclides. It can be one of the nuclear reactions examples. Gamma decay usually takes place in a nucleus that is excited which may often be the result of radioactive decay of any other nucleus. When this excited nucleus goes back to the ground state, the occurrence of gamma emission can be seen. I.e., it basically accompanies the de-excitation of the excited nucleus. The example that depicts the gamma decay is given below,

²³⁴Th* → ²³⁴Th + ????

A nuclear reaction in the sun

The generation of energy and the variation in the composition of the sun is the two basic and prime things that are done by the nuclear reactions believed to take place in the sun; this is due to the fact that during the reaction, they usually form a heavy-nuclei. Other than nuclear fusion, the nuclear reaction that occurs in the sun is the stripping reaction. In which, from the atomic nuclei, all the electrons have been stripped off due to the presence of a very high temperature. It is one of the nuclear reactions examples.

sun — **Image credits: Pixabay free images**

Therapy using radionuclide

For diagnosis and therapeutic purposes, radioactive elements can be utilized. The root of such radiation involved in medicine is the nuclear reaction that occurs between the nucleons. In such therapies, only the targeted tissues are focussed and are provided with the available radiation to avoid or minimize the effect on the surrounding tissues. It is also possible to achieve treatment and disease management with the help of radioactive elements undergoing nuclear reactions. It can be one of the nuclear reactions examples.

Production of subatomic particles

In the nuclear reaction, we can witness the formation of many products. One of them is the subatomic particle (protons and neutrons). It can be described by explaining the fusion reaction of hydrogen isotopes that, in general, takes place in the core of the sun and any other stars. It is one of the nuclear reactions examples. The atomic nuclei which react are different from that of the nuclides that are produced due to the reactions.

Radiocarbon dating

It can be one of the nuclear reactions examples. In order to estimate the age of the biological specimens, we need to measure the radiation profile of the materials, which can be done by radiocarbon dating. The technique utilizes a carbon isotope to achieve it. A decay time can be seen in carbon-14, an isotope of carbon. The time span of an element is basically calculated by knowing the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12; this is one of the archaeological uses of the nuclear reaction.

wood — **Image credits: Pixabay free images**

Nuclear moisture density gauges

Before progressing with the road construction, it is necessary to know and gain knowledge about the density and moisture content in the soil, which is usually in compacted layers; this can be achieved by the techniques that involve nuclear reaction, most generally known as the nuclear techniques. The suitability factor of soil for the construction of a road is determined by just evaluating the moisture content present in the soil. For such measurements, nuclear moisture density gauges are utilized in the form of testing devices. It is one of the nuclear reactions examples.

Radioactive isotopes

To increase the shelf life corresponding to the food products, they are usually imposed gamma radiation from any radioactive sources. The one that is commonly used is, cobalt-60. In several fruits and lives, the imposed gamma radiation force stops germination and premature ripening, which is accompanied by the killing of insects, parasites, and bacteria. It can be one of the nuclear reactions examples.

Radiation energy from the sun

Basically, the energy radiated from the sun is the result of nuclear fusion that takes place in the sun. During which, hydrogen isotopes fuse in order to give helium. Thus a nuclear reaction is responsible as it plays a key role in the generation of energy. It is one of the nuclear reaction examples. The atomic nuclei which react are different from that of the nuclides that are produced due to the reactions.

nuclear reactions examples — **Image credits: Pixabay free images**

Compound nuclear reaction

In the compound nuclear reaction, the nucleus is basically provided by energy in the proximity of a high-energy particle or by the complete absorption of a low-energy particle. The atomic nuclei which react are different from that of the nuclides that are produced due to the reactions. By the acquaintance of energy, the nucleus is no more ‘fully bound’. Due to this, there will be an emission of neutrons. It can be one of the nuclear reactions examples.

Induced nuclear reaction

An atomic nucleus will be transformed by the influence of particles that are found to be the products of a decay process; this is nothing but an induced nuclear reaction. It is one of the nuclear reactions examples. The atomic nuclei which react are different from that of the nuclides that are produced due to the reactions. Any two atomic nuclei or one atomic nucleus and a subatomic particle collide with each other to give one or more nuclides

Frequently asked questions| FAQS

Nuclear fusion

Nuclear fission

A nucleus that is considered to be heavy has the ability to give two parts out of it through splitting. The resultant parts are found to be smaller than the parent or reacting nucleus. This kind of decay process is generally regarded as nuclear fission. The gamma rays are the most probable resultant that may possess few atomic particles (protons and neutrons). In fact, along with the daughter nuclei, we may also expect an enormous amount of energy to be released.

How does the sun withhold itself from collapsing due to gravity?

Other than nuclear fusion, the nuclear reaction that occurs in the sun is the stripping reaction.

In the stripping reaction, from the atomic nuclei, all the electrons have been stripped off due to the presence of a very high temperature.

Also Read:

11+ Nuclear Fission Examples: Detailed Explanations

January 21, 2024May 11, 2022 by Harshitha H N

In the present article, we are going to learn about nuclear fission examples, their detailed explanations and also regarding the conversion between nuclear energy and kinetic energy.

A nuclear reaction in which a nucleus that is believed to be heavy goes on to split itself so that it results in parts comparatively smaller or gives rise to lighter nuclei. Basically, nuclear fission can be regarded as a decay process.

The usual resultants of the mentioned phenomenon are gamma rays which possess some atomic particles, such as protons and neutrons. It is also accompanied by a huge quantity of energy that is released.

Nuclear power plants

As we already mentioned, there will be energy production on a large scale while nuclear fission occurs. It can also be known that nuclear power plant is one of the applications of nuclear fission related to the real world. Nuclear power plants are generally associated with generating electricity utilizing the phenomenon of nuclear fission. All this happens when working fluid is provided with the energy released in a fission process in the form of heat. This enables the steam turbines to rotate under the influence of the provided energy.

Splitting of uranium-235

Uranium is basically very famous for its property to split and give daughter nuclei (or undergo fission). This is possible only by bombarding it specifically by the fast neutrons where the energy possessed by them exceeds 1MeV. By experiment, it is found that when uranium-233 is made to undergo fission with the use of neutrons, the fission products obtained are barium and krypton. This depicts an example of nuclear fission.

Splitting of uranium-233

Uranium is basically very famous for its property to split and give daughter nuclei (or undergo fission). This is possible only by bombarding it specifically by the fast neutrons where the energy possessed by them exceeds 1MeV. By experiment, it is found that when uranium-233 is made to undergo fission with the use of neutrons, the fission products obtained are xenon and strontium; this is one of the nuclear fission examples.

Splitting of plutonium-239

By experiment, it is found that when plutonium-239 is made to undergo fission with the use of neutrons, the fission products obtained are xenon and zirconium. We already know that for the occurrence of fission, there is a requirement for some form of energy. This requirement can be fulfilled by radioactive decay. For a nucleus, in order to undergo fission, the nuclear binding energy that is responsible for holding protons and neutrons together has to be overcome; this is one of the nuclear fission examples.

Heavy elements

Some of the heavy elements, namely thorium and protactinium, are observed to exhibit nuclear fission. The nuclear fission in such elements is due to fast neutrons and also because of a few other particles; for example, deuterons, alphas, protons and gamma rays are believed to induce fission; this is one of the nuclear fission examples. This depicts an example of nuclear fission.

Formation of fission products

This is one of the nuclear fission examples. The unknown species, which are fission products present in the tracers, can be identified by radiochemical techniques, which basically deal with the isolation and identification of a few elements from zinc to gadolinium. These elements are known to be fission products. The technique involves comparing the behaviour of known radioactive species with the unknown ones.

Production of radioactive

The fission reaction is also associated with producing a large variety of radio activities elaborately utilized in biological, chemical and even industrial use. Thus, nuclear fission can be taken as a rich source of useful tracers. This depicts an example of nuclear fission. The usual resultants of nuclear fission are gamma rays which possess some atomic particles, such as protons and neutrons.

Nuclear chain reaction

We already know that for the occurrence of fission, there is a requirement for some form of energy. This requirement can be fulfilled by radioactive decay. For a nucleus, in order to undergo fission, the nuclear binding energy that is responsible for holding protons and neutrons together has to be overcome. To do so, the energy requirement is seen. After the bombardment of fast neutrons with the heavy nuclei, it gives rise to fission products along with the other two fast neutrons. These neutrons are further believed to be inducing fission in other nuclei. This process is continued to result in a chain reaction.

Production of barium and krypton

Initially, the neutrons are made to collide with uranium-235 nuclei. Here, we can observe the transfer of energy from neutron to the uranium nuclei, which assess the breakage of the nuclei in many ways. Thus, performed fission reaction results in the production of barium and krypton along with two neutrons. The process goes on to continue and is able to be controlled by involving a substance that is capable of absorbing the neutrons.

Generation of electricity

As we already mentioned, there will be energy production on a large scale while nuclear fission occurs. It can also be known that nuclear power plant is one of the applications of nuclear fission related to the real world. Nuclear power plants are generally associated with the generation of electricity utilizing the phenomenon of nuclear fission. All this happens when working fluid is provided with the energy released in a fission process in the form of heat. This enables the steam turbines to rotate under the influence of the provided energy.

Controlled fission

Initially, the neutrons are made to collide with heavy nuclei. Here, we can observe the transfer of energy from neutron to the uranium nuclei, which assess the breakage of the nuclei in many ways. Thus, performed fission reaction results in the production of barium and krypton along with two neutrons. The process goes on to continue to result in a chain reaction and is able to be controlled by involving a substance that is capable of absorbing the neutrons.

Nuclear reactors

As we already mentioned, there will be energy production on a large scale while nuclear fission takes place. It can also be known that nuclear power plant is one of the applications of nuclear fission related to the real world. Nuclear power plants are generally associated with the generation of electricity utilizing the phenomenon of nuclear fission. All this happens when working fluid is provided with the energy released in a fission process in the form of heat. This enables the steam turbines to rotate under the influence of the provided energy.

Nuclear energy to kinetic energy

Both nuclear energy and kinetic energy exist in the context of nuclear fission.

During radioactive decay, there is a release of heat energy. The obtained heat energy is regarded as nuclear energy. The decay process also provides kinetic energy to a particle (a decay product). Before undergoing fission, the atoms are said to be possessing potential energy.

Whereas, further they possess kinetic energy in the form of heat that is spread out in the reactor.

How is nuclear energy converted to kinetic energy?

The energy that is supposed to be released in any of the nuclear reactions, such as nuclear fission, can be regarded as nuclear energy.

Nuclear power plants are generally associated with the generation of electricity utilizing the phenomenon of nuclear fission. All this happens when working fluid is provided with the energy released in a fission process in the form of heat. This enables the steam turbines to rotate under the influence of the provided energy.

Let us now discuss nuclear energy to kinetic energy examples.

Nuclear energy to kinetic energy examples

Below given are some of the examples depicting nuclear energy to kinetic energy conversion.

Nuclear power plants
Nuclear weapons

Nuclear power plants

Nuclear weapons

The usual resultants of nuclear fission are gamma rays which possess some atomic particles, such as protons and neutrons. It is also accompanied by a huge quantity of energy that is released. The energy, in general, is in kinetic energy form. As we all are familiar with, the most famous nuclear weapons are hydrogen bombs and atom bombs.

atom bomb — **Image credits: Pixabay free images**

Frequently asked questions| FAQS

What would be the source of energy in fission?

The released energy, in general, is in kinetic energy form

In an atom, the protons are expected to be repelling each other by some amount of force. Thus, when they split, the force repelling them is released as energy. The usual resultants of nuclear fission are gamma rays which possess some atomic particles, such as protons and neutrons. It is also accompanied by a huge quantity of energy that is released.

atom 3 — **Image credits: Pixabay free images**

Explain the differences between the nuclear fission and nuclear fusion

There are a few differences that make nuclear fission different from nuclear fusion.

Nuclear fission	Nuclear fusion
A nucleus that is believed to be heavy goes on to split itself so that it results in parts comparatively smaller, or it gives rise to lighter nuclei.	Fusion is basically a combination of nuclei that are comparatively lighter into heavier ones.
It is accompanied by a huge quantity of energy that is released.	It is also accompanied by a huge quantity of energy that is released.
Uranium is basically very famous for its property to split and give daughter nuclei (or undergo fission)	Hydrogen isotopes are the very familiar primary fuel That is utilized in the power plants

Also Read:

15+ Nuclear Fusion Examples: Detailed Explanations

January 21, 2024May 6, 2022 by Harshitha H N

In the present article, we are focussing on discussing nuclear fusion examples and their detailed explanations.

In the atmosphere, we can observe a reaction that compasses any two atoms that stick or join together so that they end up forming different atomic nuclei, which are one or more in number, and also some subatomic particles, namely protons and neutrons.

In the upcoming section, let us focus on the nuclear fusion examples.

Nuclear fusion examples

Sun’s core

The best description of the fusion can be seen to be taking place in the sun’s core. It is found that at the sun’s core, the temperature is nearer to 15 million degrees. Celsius; along with this incredibly high temperature, it also possesses very high pressure. Due to these conditions, helium is formed by combining two isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium and tritium. There is a production of an incredibly large amount of heat, one of the forms of energy. On average, the hydrogen that converts into helium is about 600 million tons per unit second. Hence, it is one of the nuclear fusion examples.

Hydrogen fusion reactions

It is one of the nuclear fusion examples. There is a smashing or colliding of hydrogen atoms together that are comparatively lighter atoms, which is followed by the generation of energy in any of its forms. This phenomenon is supported by the existence of very high pressure and temperature in the stars. Hydrogen is known to be the lightest in the periodic table. At the same time, the helium formed due to the fusion of hydrogen isotopes is known to be the lightest element next to hydrogen. Prior to and after the reaction, there is an observable difference in the nuclear binding energy, which in turn pave a way to a difference in the masses.

Fusion of deuterium

Deuterium is also regarded as heavy hydrogen. There is a formation of a helium nucleus by combining two nuclei of deuterium together. It is also found that there is a large amount of energy (In the form of heat) that is excavated during this fusion. The energy generated results from a mass transformation in the form of energy which is said to be lost during the process. This is under the governance of Einstein’s formula. It is one of the nuclear fusion examples. Following is the reaction that depicts the above-mentioned nuclear fusion.

₁H² + ₁H² → ₂He⁴ + Energy

Fusion of deuterium and tritium

Let us now aim to analyze the fusion reaction by combining deuterium and tritium together. Basically, they are made to come together and recombine in order to bring helium along with a fast neutron into the picture in the form of component parts. We can observe a release of kinetic energy possessed by the neutron, which results from the conversion of lost mass during the assembling of heavier isotopes. It is one of the nuclear fusion examples.

Formation of elements

It is one of the nuclear fusion examples. Elements found to exist in the periodic table, such as iron and nickel, can also be produced as an end product of nuclear fusion. Such an element formation is usually accompanied by the giving up of energy, or it can be regarded as an exothermic process. Whereas there also appears to be a case where the process shall be endothermic, this is possible when the fusion occurs in the vicinity of nuclei of comparatively heavier mass.

Supernova

Supernova is one of the astrophysical events. It is basically due to the energy provided by the supernova, and the fusion process occurs nuclei that are smashed together. This provision of sufficient energy results in the production of elements and synthesis of a whole new nucleus by combining nuclei. It is one of the nuclear fusion examples.

Stellar nucleosynthesis

It is basically observed to be the prime source of power in the case of stars, even the sun. It is one of the nuclear fusion examples. Here, there is a smashing or colliding of hydrogen atoms that are comparatively lighter atoms together, which is followed by the generation of energy in any of its forms. This phenomenon is supported by the existence of very high pressure and temperature in the stars. It is further followed by the stellar heat and light.

Thermonuclear fusion

When the matter is heated enough to become plasma, the thermal kinetic energy contained by the particles is found to increase; such particles are vulnerable to getting fused as they undergo collisions in between themselves. An incredible quantity of energy can be witnessed to be let out, which can even be uncontrollable in the case of thermonuclear weapons. In order to achieve a thermonuclear fusion that can be controlled, the use of magnetic fields is considered so that it will be possible for plasma confinement. It is one of the nuclear fusion examples.

Colliding beam fusion

It covers the light-ion fusion reactions, which are induced by the particles possessing enough kinetic energies contributed by the particle accelerators. The fusion, in this case, is basically achieved by accelerating the light ions, which is done using electrodes (a pair). The voltage between these electrodes can even be as less as 10kv in order for the fusion to occur. In general, two ion streams are made to accelerate towards each other so that a beam-beam fusion takes place.

Neutron generators

Neutron generators are basically small devices that are installed as particle accelerators. These devices contain ions of deuterium and tritium gas which can be accelerated against certain targets which also possess the same gas so that the fusion can take place along with the production and release of neutrons. It is one of the nuclear fusion examples.

Muon-catalyzed fusion

It is one of the nuclear fusion examples. At ordinary temperatures, the fusion process that is catalyzed by muons is believed to take place. But, there is the requirement of high energy for the production of muons which is even more when compared to the energy released during this reaction.

Stars

Here, there is a smashing or colliding of hydrogen atoms together that are comparatively lighter atoms, which is followed by the generation of energy in any of its forms. This phenomenon is supported by the existence of very high pressure and temperature in the stars. Hydrogen is known to be the lightest in the periodic table. At the same time, the helium formed due to the fusion of hydrogen isotopes is known to be the lightest element next to hydrogen. Prior to and after the reaction, there is an observable difference in the nuclear binding energy, which in turn make a way for a difference in the masses.

On Earth

On earth, the fusion reaction can be achieved by colliding or smashing two hydrogen isotopes, namely deuterium and tritium, which then result in the formation of helium. We know that hydrogen is simply the combination of a single proton and an electron. At the same time, an additional neutron is witnessed to be present in the case of deuterium. Similarly, tritium is believed to contain two extra neutrons compared to hydrogen.

Seawater

In common seawater, we can say by examining that, in every 6,500 parts of water, there is one part of deuterium. This can remove the issue of non-uniform distribution of fuel resources geographically as there is the availability of deuterium globally. This is the evidence for the existence of fuel that enables fusion if there is a possibility of water. It is one of the nuclear fusion examples.

sea — **Image credits: pixabay free images**

Inside the atom

In an atom, a plasma or an ionized gas is created by extracting electrons from an atomic nucleus. Here, it has been observed that the nuclei that are charged positively are maintained to be far from one another due to the presence of forces, mainly the electrostatic force in between them. Also, different elements and nuclei are produced by fusing some of the lighter nuclei or elements present inside the atom. This nuclear fusion is capable of providing an incredibly enormous quantity of energy.

atom 2 — **Image credits: Pixabay free images**

Frequently asked questions| FAQS

How can you generate energy by fusion?

In stars, it is found that the fundamental energy-producing process is nothing but fusion.

It is also found that there is a large amount of energy (in the form of heat) that is excavated during the phenomenon of fusion. The energy generated results from the mass transformation in the form of energy which is said to be lost during the process. This is under the governance of Einstein’s formula.

What is found to be happening during a nuclear fusion?

In the case of nuclear fusion, Basically, nuclei are made to come together and recombine.

Which of the natural phenomenon best depicts the fusion?

The best description of the fusion can be seen to be taking place in the sun’s core.

It is found that at the sun’s core, the temperature is nearer to 15 million degrees. Celsius; along with this incredibly high temperature, it also possesses very high pressure. Due to these conditions, helium is formed by combining two isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium and tritium. There is the production of an incredibly large amount of heat, one of the forms of energy.

On average, the amount of hydrogen that converts into helium is about 600 million tons per unit second.

How can you achieve nuclear fusion on the earth?

We know that hydrogen is simply the combination of a single proton and an electron.

On earth, the fusion reaction can be achieved by colliding or smashing two hydrogen isotopes, namely deuterium and tritium, which then result in the formation of helium. An additional neutron is witnessed to be present in the case of deuterium. Similarly, tritium is believed to contain two extra neutrons in comparison with hydrogen.

Also Read:

9+ Medium Pitch Sound Examples: Detailed Explanations

January 21, 2024May 5, 2022 by Harshitha H N

In the present article, we intend to learn about the medium pith sound examples and their detailed explanations.

An acute or a shrill note can be distinguished from a flat note by a characteristic associated with the sound, namely pitch. In general, the pitch is usually mentioned in music. Basically, it is influenced by the frequency of the sound wave.

A higher pitch corresponds to a note of the higher frequency, and a note of lower frequency gives rise to a lower pitch. Similarly, medium pitch sound is due to a note of medium frequency.

The noise of a busy market

This is one of the best kind of examples of a medium-pitched sound. The noise of a busy market basically corresponds to the sound associated with the medium-length wavelengths. This medium pitch sound is due to a note of medium frequency. The vibrations of the sound waves associated with the noise of a busy market lie in between that of high pitch and low pitch sounds. In general, the sound waves that have a medium wavelength and medium frequency are responsible for the generation of such medium pitch sound.

Ball falling on a floor

The sound due to a ball falling on the floor corresponds to the sound associated with the medium-length wavelengths. This medium pitch sound is due to a note of medium frequency. The vibrations of the sound waves associated with the noise of a busy market lie in between that of high pitch and low pitch sounds. In general, the sound waves that have a medium wavelength, as well as medium frequency, are responsible for the generation of such medium pitch sound. This example clearly depicts a medium pitch sound.

A wall punching

The sound produced by punching a wall corresponds to the sound associated with the medium-length wavelengths. This medium pitch sound is due to a note of medium frequency. The vibrations of the sound waves associated with the noise of a busy market lie in between that of high pitch and low pitch sounds. In general, the sound waves that have a medium wavelength, as well as medium frequency, are responsible for the generation of such medium pitch sound. This example clearly depicts a medium pitch sound.

String bass

The sound of a string bass corresponds to the sound associated with the medium-length wavelengths. This medium pitch sound is due to a note of medium frequency. The vibrations of the sound waves associated with the noise of a busy market lie in between that of high pitch and low pitch sounds. In general, the sound waves that have a medium wavelength, as well as medium frequency, are responsible for the generation of such medium pitch sound. This example clearly depicts a medium pitch sound.

Tuba

The sound of a tuba corresponds to the sound associated with the medium-length wavelengths. This medium pitch sound is due to a note of medium frequency. The vibrations of the sound waves associated with the noise of a busy market lie in between that of high pitch and low pitch sounds. In general, the sound waves that have a medium wavelength, as well as medium frequency, are responsible for the generation of such medium pitch sound. This example clearly depicts a medium pitch sound.

Tube-type stereo amplifier

It is one of the medium pitch sound examples. The sound of a tube-type stereo amplifier corresponds to the sound associated with the medium-length wavelengths. This medium pitch sound is due to a note of medium frequency. The vibrations of the sound waves associated with the noise of a busy market lie in between that of high pitch and low pitch sounds. In general, the sound waves that have a medium wavelength, as well as medium frequency, are responsible for the generation of such medium pitch sound. This example clearly depicts a medium pitch sound.

Tympani

The tympani sound corresponds to the sound associated with the medium-length wavelengths. It is one of the medium pitch sound examples. This medium pitch sound is due to a note of medium frequency. The vibrations of the sound waves associated with the noise of a busy market lie in between that of high pitch and low pitch sounds. In general, the sound waves that have a medium wavelength, as well as medium frequency, are responsible for the generation of such medium pitch sound. This example clearly depicts a medium pitch sound.

Waves sound

This example clearly depicts a medium pitch sound. The sound of waves corresponds to the sound associated with the medium-length wavelengths. This medium pitch sound is due to a note of medium frequency. The vibrations of the sound waves associated with the noise of a busy market lie in between that of high pitch and low pitch sounds. In general, the sound waves that have a medium wavelength, as well as medium frequency, are responsible for the generation of such medium pitch sound. This example clearly depicts a medium pitch sound. It is one of the medium pitch sound examples.

Sound of industries

It is one of the medium pitch sound examples. The sound produced due to industries corresponds to the sound associated with the medium-length wavelengths. This medium pitch sound is due to a note of medium frequency. The vibrations of the sound waves associated with the noise of a busy market lie in between that of high pitch and low pitch sounds. In general, the sound waves that have a medium wavelength, as well as medium frequency, are responsible for the generation of such medium pitch sound. This example clearly depicts a medium pitch sound.

Frequently asked questions| FAQS

Distinguish between the high pitch and medium pitch sounds?

High pitch and medium pitch sound mainly differ in the characteristics that are possessed by their respective sound waves.

High pitch	Medium pitch
They have shorter wavelengths	They have medium-length wavelengths
The peaks in the waves displayed on graphs are closer	The peaks are a bit farther.
Example: Parrot’s squawking.	Example: Noise due to a busy market.

How can you determine the pitch of a sound?

The pitch of a sound can be evaluated by observing its frequency.

The vibrations in the waves do possess a frequency, and this frequency is responsible for the pitch. Let us assume that the Vibrations have a higher frequency, and then it is found that the pitch is also high and creates a shrill sound. Similarly, If we witness a lower pitch, we can say that the wave vibrates with a lower frequency.

When is a sound said to be ‘loud’?

The loudness of a sound is decided by observing a parameter associated with the sound wave.

The amplitude of a sound wave manages the sound phenomenon. The sound is regarded as ‘loud’ when the amplitude corresponding to that sound wave is high. It depends directly on the amplitude square. A property of a sound that enables us to differentiate between a loud and a faint sound is nothing but loudness.

The frequency possessed by the sound wave has nothing to do with its loudness. It is only governed by the energy that our ear gains.

Also Read:

11+ High Pitch Sound Examples: Detailed Explanations

January 21, 2024April 28, 2022 by Harshitha H N

In this article, we intend to discuss 11+ high pitch sound examples and their detailed explanation.

Sound is found to be characterized by a perceptual property, namely, pitch. Ordering of sound waves is basically done on the basis of pitch, achieved on a scale that is frequency related. Musical tones, in general, are said to possess an attribute, prime one of them being pitch which is nothing but the variable to define the highness or lowness of a sound.

High-frequency sound waves are found to be capable of generating a high-pitched sound. It can be categorized as a fast-vibrating sound.

Next, let us discuss about high-pitched sound examples.

High pitch sound examples

Nail scratching

The sound due to scratching a nail can be found anywhere but is not categorized as pure sound. They are a combination of a fundamental frequency rather than being a single frequency that appears to be unique. These high-pitched sounds are associated with waves of high frequencies. Exceptionally high-pitched sounds are produced by scratching a nail against any board. Therefore, nail scratching is one of the high pitch sound examples. High-frequency sound waves are found to be capable of generating a high-pitched sound. It can be categorized as a fast-vibrating sound.

Whistle

The sound due to a whistle can be found anywhere but is not categorized as pure sound. They are a combination of a fundamental frequency rather than being a single frequency that appears to be unique. These high-pitched sounds are associated with waves of high frequencies. Basically, high-pitched sounds are produced by a whistle. High-frequency sound waves are found to be capable of generating a high-pitched sound. It can be categorized as a fast-vibrating sound. Therefore, a whistle is one of the high pitch sound examples.

Shoe squeaking

The sound due to a shoe squeaking can be found anywhere but is not categorized as pure sound. They are a combination of a fundamental frequency rather than being a single frequency that appears to be unique. These high-pitched sounds are associated with waves of high frequencies. Basically, high-pitched sounds are produced by shoe squeaking. High-frequency sound waves are found to be capable of generating a high-pitched sound. It can be categorized as a fast-vibrating sound.

Birds chirping

The sound of birds chirping can be found anywhere. They are a combination of a fundamental frequency rather than being a single frequency that appears to be unique. These high-pitched sounds are associated with waves of high frequencies. Basically, high-pitched sounds are produced by birds chirping. High-frequency sound waves are found to be capable of generating a high-pitched sound. It can be categorized as a fast-vibrating sound.Therefore, it is one of the high pitch sound examples.

Babies crying

The sound of a crying baby can be found anywhere but is not categorized as pure sound. They are a combination of a fundamental frequency rather than being a single frequency that appears to be unique. These high-pitched sounds are associated with waves of high frequencies. High-frequency sound waves are found to be capable of generating a high-pitched sound. It can be categorized as a fast-vibrating sound. Basically, high-pitched sounds are produced by a crying baby.

Musical instruments

The sound due to a musical instrument such as an electric guitar, flute, trumpet, or a violin can be found anywhere but is not categorized as pure sound. They are a combination of a fundamental frequency rather than being a single frequency that appears to be unique. These high-pitched sounds are associated with waves of high frequencies. Basically, high-pitched sounds are produced by the above-mentioned musical instrument. Therefore, the musical instrument is one of the high pitch sound examples.

Sirens

High pitched are accompanied by imposing an alert when heard. This is why high-pitched sound-producing sirens are installed in trains and ambulances as they ensure some kind of emergency. It is basically a fast-vibrating sound .The sound due to a siren can be found anywhere but is not categorized as pure sound. They are a combination of a fundamental frequency rather than being a single frequency that appears to be unique. These high-pitched sounds are associated with waves of high frequencies. Basically, high-pitched sounds are produced by a train or ambulance siren. High-frequency sound waves are found to be capable of generating a high-pitched sound. It can be categorized as a fast-vibrating sound.

Sound of waves

The sound of waves can be considered to be one of the high-pitched sound examples. High-frequency sound waves are found to be capable of generating a high-pitched sound. It can be categorized as a fast-vibrating sound. The sound from waves in an ocean can be found anywhere but is not categorized as pure sounds. They are a combination of a fundamental frequency rather than being a single frequency that appears to be unique. These high-pitched sounds are associated with waves of high frequencies. Basically, high-pitched sounds are produced by a wave. Therefore, the sound produced by waves in the ocean is one of the high pitch sound examples.

Sounds in industries

The sound due to any industry like metallurgy, construction, wood, electronics, etc., can be found anywhere but is not categorized as pure sounds. They are a combination of a fundamental frequency rather than being a single frequency that appears to be unique. These high-pitched sounds are associated with waves of high frequencies i.e., high-frequency sound waves are found to be capable of generating a high-pitched sound. It can be categorized as a fast-vibrating sound Basically, high-pitched sounds are produced by manufacturing industries.

Bells

The sound due to a bell can be found anywhere but is not categorized as pure sound. They are a combination of a fundamental frequency rather than being a single frequency that appears to be unique. These high-pitched sounds are associated with waves of high frequencies i.e., high-frequency sound waves are found to be capable of generating a high-pitched sound. Basically, high-pitched sounds are produced by a bell. Therefore, a bell is one of the best high pitch sound examples.

Cat’s meowing

The sound due by a cat can be found anywhere. They are a combination of a fundamental frequency rather than being a single frequency that appears to be unique. These high-pitched sounds are associated with waves of high frequencies i.e., high-frequency sound waves are found to be capable of generating a high-pitched sound. Basically, high-pitched sounds are produced by a cat meowing.

cat — **Image credits: Pixabay free images**

Mouses squeal

The squealing sound of a mouse is also an example for a high-pitched sound and is a combination of a fundamental frequency rather than being a single frequency that appears to be unique. High-frequency sound waves are found to be capable of generating a high-pitched sound. It can be categorized as a fast-vibrating sound. Basically, high-pitched sounds are produced by a mouse.

Frequently asked questions| FAQs

What do you mean by a high pitch?

High pitch is a category into which sounds can be grouped.

We already know that vibrations constitute the sound and its transfer, the quality produced by these vibrations is termed pitch. Pitch has two probabilities one is high, and the other is low. The pitch basically relies upon the speed of the vibrations associated with the sound.

The high-pitched sounds are associated with faster vibrations when compared to normal sounds. High-frequency waves are believed to produce high-pitched sounds.

How can you explain loud and soft sounds?

Similar to pitch, hard and soft also characterize a sound.

A high-pitched sound can be both soft and loud based on the volume it has. i.e., If it has a high volume, it is considered a loud sound, and if it has a low volume, it is a soft sound.

Also Read:

11+ Low Pitch Sound Examples: Detailed Explanations

January 21, 2024April 26, 2022 by Harshitha H N

In this article, we are going to impose light on 10+ low pitch sound examples and their detailed explanation.

Sound is found to possess a perceptual property, namely, pitch. Pitch is a factor based on which ordering of sound waves is achieved on a scale that is frequency related. Musical tones, in general, are characterized by an attribute most important one of them is pitch, and the other is duration, loudness etc.

A low-pitched sound is generated due to low-frequency sound waves. It is basically a slow vibrating sound and is also referred to as a Hoarse sound.

Next, let us discuss low pitched sound examples.

A distant thunderstorm

Exceptionally low-pitched sounds are produced by the thunderstorm. As much as we hear the thunderstorm, we feel it. The sound due of a thunderstorm is a slow vibrating sound, and low-frequency waves are responsible for generating these sounds. We can also say that due to a thunderstorm, very low frequencies are experienced at a distance. The sound produced by the thunderstorm is believed to travel a distance. Therefore, a thunderstorm is one of the low pitch sound examples.

low pitch sound examples — **Image credits: Pixabay free images**

Bass drum

Low pitched sounds are produced by the bass drum. As much as we hear the bass drum, we feel it. The sound due to a bass drum is a slow vibrating sound, and low-frequency waves are responsible for the generation of these sounds. We can also say that due to a bass drum, very low frequencies are experienced. The sound produced by the bass drum is believed to travel a distance. Therefore, the bass drum is one of the low pitched sound examples as it produces low pitched sound.

Tuba

In general, low-pitched sounds are produced by the tuba. As much as we hear the tuba, we feel it. The sound, due of a tuba, is a slow vibrating sound and low-frequency waves are responsible for the generation of these sounds. We can also say that due to a tuba, very low frequencies are experienced at a distance. The sound produced by the tuba is believed to travel over a distance. Therefore, the tuba is one of the low pitched sound examples as it produces low pitched sound.

String bass

Exceptionally low-pitched sounds are produced by the string bass. As much as we hear the string bass, we feel it. The sound due to string bass is a slow vibrating sound, and low-frequency waves are responsible for the generation of these sounds. We can also say that due to string bass, very low frequencies are experienced at a distance. The sound produced by the string bass is believed to travel over a distance. Therefore, string bass is one of the low pitch sound examples.

Chemical explosion

low-pitched sounds are produced by the chemical explosion. As much as we hear the chemical explosion, we feel it. The sound due to a chemical explosion is a slow vibrating sound, and low-frequency waves are responsible for the generation of these sounds. We can also say that due to a chemical explosion, very low frequencies are experienced at a distance. The sound produced by the chemical explosion is believed to travel over miles. Therefore, the chemical explosion is one a low pitched sound example as it produces low pitched sound.

Cannon shot

Exceptionally low-pitched sounds are produced by the cannon shot. As much as we hear the cannon shot, we feel it. The sound due to a cannon shot is a slow vibrating sound, and low-frequency waves are responsible for the generation of these sounds. We can also say that due to a cannon shot, very low frequencies are experienced at a distance. The sound produced by the cannon shot is believed to travel over miles. Therefore, a cannon shot is one of the low pitch sound examples.

Ball falling on a carpeted floor

We can say that low pitched sounds are produced by a ball falling on the carpeted floor. As much as we hear the ball falling on carpeted floor, we feel it. The sound due to a ball falling on a carpeted floor is a slow vibrating sound, and low-frequency waves are responsible for the generation of these sounds. We can also say that due to a ball falling on carpeted floor, very low frequencies are experienced at a distance. The sound produced by a ball falling on a carpeted floor is believed to travel over a distance. Therefore, a ball falling on a carpeted floor is one of a low pitched sound examples as it produces a low pitched sound.

Punching a wall

It is found that low pitched sounds are produced by punching a wall. As much as we hear the sound of punching a wall, we feel it. The sound due to punching a wall is a slow vibrating sound, and low-frequency waves are responsible for the generation of these sounds. We can also say that due to punching a wall, very low frequencies are experienced at a distance. The sound produced by punching a wall is believed to travel over a distance. Therefore, punching a wall is one of the low pitch sound examples.

Tube-type stereo amplifier

Basically, low-pitched sounds are produced by the tube-type stereo amplifier. As much as we hear the sound of the tube-type stereo amplifier, we feel it. The sound, due to the tube-type stereo amplifier, is a slow vibrating sound and low-frequency waves are responsible for the generation of these sounds. We can also infer that due to the tube-type stereo amplifier, very low frequencies are experienced at a distance. The sound produced by the tube-type stereo amplifier is believed to travel over a distance. Therefore, the tube-type stereo amplifier is one of the low pitch sound examples as it produces low pitched sound.

A piano note

Exceptionally, low-pitched sounds are produced by a piano note. As much as we hear the piano note, we feel it. The sound, due to a piano note, is a slow vibrating sound and low-frequency waves are responsible for the generation of these sounds. We can also say that due to a piano note, very low frequencies are experienced at a distance. The sound produced by the piano note is believed to travel over a distance. Therefore, the piano note is one of the low pitch sound examples.

Erupting volcanos

low-pitched sounds are produced by the erupting volcanos. As much as we hear the erupting volcanos, we feel it. The sound due to an erupting volcano is a slow vibrating sound, and low-frequency waves are responsible for the generation of these sounds. We can also say that due to erupting volcanos, very low frequencies are experienced at a distance. The sound produced by the erupting volcanos is believed to travel over miles. Therefore, erupting volcanos are one of the low pitch sound examples as it produces low pitched sound.

Frequently asked questions| FAQS

Will you be able to feel the sound of a low pitched sound?

Yes, you can indeed feel the sound of low pitch sound. It can be explained as follows,

Imagine that a musician playing some instrument comes near you and plays a scale you can say that your body is going to respond more to specific pitches while you are made to hear higher overtones.

Some examples for low pitch sounds are bass drum, Tympani, a string bass etc.

Click to read more on 12+ High Pitch Sound Examples or 9+ Medium Pitch Sound Examples.

Also Read:

9+ Free Energy Examples: Uses and Detailed Facts

January 21, 2024April 25, 2022 by Harshitha H N

In this article, we are going to discuss the 9+ free energy examples, and also free energy uses.

At constant temperature, the portion of energy that is available to do thermodynamic work is known as free energy. In the process of such work, the irreversible loss corresponds to free energy.

The next part describes various free energy examples.

Melting of ice

The freezing of water occurs at 4-degree Celsius. When you remove the ice cubes from the refrigerator, the refrigerator’s temperature will be less than 0-degree Celsius. In general, the atmospheric temperature will be around 20-degree Celsius, i.e., the temperature of the ice is less than that of the atmospheric temperature; hence now, the ice cubes receive the heat from the atmosphere rather than giving it to it. This absorption of heat results in the melting of ice. The reason due to this is that when two objects with a temperature difference come in touch with each other, heat tends to transfer from the hot object to the cooler one. This phenomenon does not need any external force in action; thus, it depicts free energy.

Rolling of a ball downhill

To cause an alteration to the original state of the object, an external force should act on it. Hence, a ball at rest on a plane has to be applied a force to move it according to Newton’s laws of motion. Whereas, in the case of an inclined plane, the ball rolls down without any force needed as it comes under the action of gravitational force. Here, The phenomenon does not need any external force in action; thus, it depicts the free energy.

Rusting of iron

It is one of the free energy examples. The combination of oxygen and the existence of moisture is responsible for the production of rust when an object that is made of iron or an alloy of iron is exposed to it. The rusting of iron is a long-time process, i.e., it cannot be instantaneous; it needs a considerable period to achieve it. Iron rusting is nothing but the production of iron oxides due to bonding between the iron atoms constituting the object and oxygen tom present in the atmosphere; this, in turn, reduces the strength of the bond between the iron atoms in the body.

Deformation

It is one of the free energy examples. An object is generally characterized by its size and shape. A change in this size and shape itself represents the strain which is also inferred as the deformation. The reason for the deformation of an object to occur may be an alteration in temperature and also a change in the imposed force. The size of the object, the material the object is made up of, and also the fore that is applied to it decide the type of deformation that the object undergoes.

In general, there are two types of deformations. Namely,

Elastic deformation: The term elastic infers that the process is reversible. The object goes back to its original form when the imposed force is taken back—for example, a rubber band when stretched.

Electricity flow under resistance

In an electric flow through a cable, resistance is nothing but the amount of opposing force that acts on the flow of electric current. The transfer of the current through wires is also influenced by the resistance. The resistance and electrons transfer is inversely proportional to each other, i.e., a low resistance allows a high electron flow, and less flow of electrons corresponds to high resistance. This phenomenon does not need any external force in action; thus, it depicts free energy.

Freezing of water below its freezing point

The cold environment makes the things in that environment freeze. This is why in cooler regions, we can witness many pieces of stuff that will be frozen. As below the freezing point temperature in the environment, the tendency of the liquid to freeze in that area is greater. This is because the liquid freezes when the temperature is below the freezing point.

Fireworks

The burst of brightly colored lights appears when a missile is exploded in a controlled environment. This missile is itself termed fireworks. In fireworks, we can see several number of chemical reactions taking place simultaneously in a continuous and rapid manner. Solid chemical compounds are packed and placed inside the fireworks, burning when heat is given to them. Along with oxygen, they combust and give rise to chemicals, smoke, and some gases. The released gases are carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen.

Burning wood

Burning wood can also be regarded as combustion. A combination of fuel, heat, and oxygen is required for the process of combustion to occur. Wood, gas, or oil can be taken as fuels. The combustion occurs due to the energy stored in the chemical bonds of a reactant.

Combining baking soda with vinegar

Chemically, baking soda is sodium carbonate, a basic compound. Whereas, vinegar is a dilute solution, and acetic acid is present in it. Thus, it represents an acid-base reaction. During this reaction between baking soda and vinegar, carbon dioxide is released, which is used for making a chemical volcano. The carbon dioxide thus released is also utilized as a chemical fire extinguisher.

Magnet motor

To perform useful work, the perpetual motion of magnetic poles is harnessed, which in turn is the result of attraction and repulsion, i.e., basic properties of a magnet. Free energy magnetic motor is a device that follows this principle.

Magnetism

In several devices, magnetism is regarded as a free energy source, and an Adams motor is one of them. The motor is installed with magnets which tend to get attracted to the iron cores present in the electromagnets. These power the motor by rotating the shaft. The battery is charged by utilizing the electric power that is generated into the windings of electromagnets by displacing the magnets. A normal generator is said to work on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Flywheel and magnet are two examples of free energy generators.

Free energy devices

The flow of energy between the unknown sources is responsible for the production of power in the case of free energy devices. A few examples of free energy devices are, Hydro generator, renewable free energy water wheel, Pelton turbine generator, micro-hydro power turbine, and hydro turbine. One of the excellent pros of this type of device is that there is no need for input energy. It also requires less maintenance.

Frequently asked questions | FAQS

What are the parameters to be known while calculating free energy?

To calculate the free energy, we need to know some of the thermodynamic properties.

By taking the change in enthalpy of a reaction, temperature, and also by knowing the entropy, it is possible to calculate the change in Gibbs free energy.

What do you mean by Gibbs free energy?

The Gibbs free energy can be explained as follows,

Gibbs energy (a thermodynamic property), generally denoted by ‘G’, is a function that was defined by Willard Gibbs, which is useful for calculating the changes that occur in entropy and enthalpy values. The produced amount of energy represents the maximum work done which in turn is a decrease in the Gibbs free energy.

What is the utility of free energy?

Free energy plays a vital role in thermodynamic studies.

Along with the change in enthalpy and entropy, free energy is also required to decide the viability of a rection. Gibbs free energy is considered a more appropriate way to comment on the viability of a reaction taking enthalpy and entropy change in the frame. We can also say that the relation that is described between the change in enthalpy and entropy is nothing but a change in Gibbs free energy.

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11+ Electrostatic Energy Examples: Uses And Detailed Facts

January 21, 2024April 23, 2022 by Harshitha H N

In this article, we are going to discuss the electrostatic energy examples, and also electrostatic energy uses.

The electrostatic energy is nothing but the potential energy that gets stored because of the work done against the electrostatic force. At every point on the electric field, a charge ‘q’ may be believed to possess definite electrostatic energy. The work done directly contributes to the increase in potential energy.

The next part describes various electrostatic energy examples.

Television screen

We can observe that the dust particles (charged) stick to the television screen as they get polarized while floating in the air by the television screen. A dust layer is deposited on the screen after just a few minutes of cleaning it. We can thus say that there is an interaction between the dust particles and the screen; this interaction is nothing but electrostatic interaction. Also, an electrostatic force can be felt by moving our hands a few centimeters from the screen, and hence electrostatic energy is also said to be stored in it. This scenario also clearly demonstrates the existence of electrostatic energy.

electrostatic energy examples — **Image credits : Pixabay free images**

Photocopier

A photocopy machine can be considered one of the best examples of electrostatic energy in our daily lives. The process involved in the photocopier is that the image of the original paper that is kept on a screen made up of glass is passed on to a container. The container is positively charged, and a negative charge is achieved in the form of the pink powder that is used. The impression is created on a paper by rolling the drum-like container over that paper; this is how the ink is imprinted on the paper. Thus, a photocopy of a document is created. This scenario also clearly demonstrates the existence of electrostatic energy.

A rod is rubbed with a cloth.

A certain charge can be developed on a rod by quickly moving any cloth over it. The nature of the material decides whether the positive or negative charge is developed. It is found that a positive charge is developed in a glass rod when it is rubbed with a piece of cloth; in contrast, a plastic rod develops a negative charge. An attraction or a repulsion force can be observed when these charged rods are brought near a freely hanging ball. Thus, the charge present on the ball is decided by the electrostatic force. Therefore, electrostatic energy is said to be developed. Hence, it is one of the electrostatic energy examples.

Nylon clothes

We can observe the generation of static electricity when nylon clothes are moved quickly against any other fabric or against the skin. The chattering sound that we hear while removing nylon clothes is due to the electrostatic force generated between the skin and the cloth. Usually, a fabric softener is added in order to avoid this static getting developed. This scenario also clearly demonstrates the existence of electrostatic energy.

Doorknob

A person may feel a minor electric shock when they come in contact with a metallic doorknob. This is because of the formation of electrostatic force and the existence of the electrostatic energy between the knob and the body. The knob is able to transfer the electrons to any object, thus charging it as it is made up of metal; this gives rise to the development of electrostatic interaction between the knob and our hand. Try to touch a wooden surface just before holding the knob so that electrostatic force is not developed. This scenario also clearly demonstrates the existence of electrostatic energy.

A balloon rubbed against hair

A deposition of charges takes place on the outer surface of the balloon when it is rubbed against a person’s hair. This is a ballon party trick. The balloon, now after developing a charge, gets attracted and sticks to any surface that contains an opposite charge or even no charge. Here also, in this interaction, the electrostatic energy comes into action. Hence, it is one of the electrostatic energy examples.

Winter wears

It may be considered one of the best examples of electrostatic energy usually seen in winters. The winters are characterized by dry air and low humidity. In between the fabric and the skin, unknowingly, an electrostatic force will be developed because of the person’s movement, which in turn results in electrostatic energy. You may have observed a crackling sound while you remove woolen attire; this is because of the electrostatic force that is present between the layer of fabric and the body as there occurs an exchange of charge when two bodies that are charged are separated from each other. You can moisturize your skin before you put on such clothes to avoid the generation of charges. This scenario also clearly demonstrates the existence of electrostatic energy.

A comb, when charged

On the teeth of the comb, we can observe a deposition of charges after we are done combing; this is due to the rubbing action of the comb against the hair that takes place. Any lighter particles, such as bits of paper, when coming in the context of the charged comb, tend to get attracted to the comb; this clearly describes that a force, i.e., an electrostatic force is present between the lighter particles and the comb.

Plastic bags

Plastic bags that we use in our daily lives tend to get positively charged and is attracted towards the negative charge. This is why the plastic bags that are used to wrap lunch stick to our clothes when unwrapped, as our clothes will develop a negative charge in them. This scenario also clearly demonstrates the existence of electrostatic energy.

Lightning

Lightning may also be considered as one of the electrostatic energy examples in our daily life, which is shown on a huge scale. The clouds eventually develop a charge when they are rubbed against each other this charge has to be equalized, and it is done on the ground as the ground is considered neutral; hence it has to be the perfect place to equalize the charges. A flash of lightning that we witness is nothing but the charge equalization of clouds.

Electrostatic energy uses

Photocopier

A photocopy machine can be considered one of the best examples of electrostatic energy in our daily lives. The process involved in the photocopier is that the image of the original paper kept on a screen made up of glass is passed on to a container. The container is basically positively charged, and a negative charge is achieved in the form of the pink powder that is used. The impression is created on a paper by rolling the drum-like container over that paper; this is how the ink is imprinted on the paper. Thus, a photocopy of a document is created. This scenario also clearly demonstrates the existence of electrostatic energy.

Managing the pollution

Electrostatic precipitators are the collecting devices that are installed in the pollution management it possess opposite charges with respect to the dust particles in the air; hence they get settled on the collector.

Factories

The waste that comes from the factories, which are pollutants, makes its way through the smokestacks that are installed in the factories; these pollutants are forced to develop a charge in them by subjecting them to electricity; hence they tend to get attracted toward the electrodes when they come nearer to it.

Air purification

The same principle as that of management of smokestack pollutants is involved in air freshener also. Impurities in the air are considered to contain electrons that are stripped to make the dust particles charged so that they can be collected by a plate possessing an opposite charge.

Automobile industries

The electric current passed through the container of paint makes the paint particles develop a charge; now, these charged particles are allowed to get stuck and distribute themselves uniformly over the body of the automobile when it is immersed in the container.

Frequently asked questions | FAQs

How will you define electrostatics?

One of the possible ways to define electrostatic is,

The study and analysis of electric charges that are considered to be at rest (static) is nothing but electrostatics. Electrostatics, no doubt, is a branch of physics. The electric charges that are developed do exert some force on one another and thus become responsible for the electrostatic phenomena to take place.

How do you explain the work done against the electrostatic force?

The importance of the work done against the electric force is given below,

Also, please click to know about 32+ Alternative Energy Examples.

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