The UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) ultrasonic sensor is an advanced device that excels in distance measurement and object detection. It communicates with a microcontroller or a computer using the UART protocol, a serial communication protocol that enables the transmission of data bit by bit over a communication channel.
Technical Specifications of UART Ultrasonic Sensor
The UART ultrasonic sensor boasts an impressive array of technical specifications:
- Measurement Range: Up to 4.5 meters
- Measurement Angle: ±15 degrees
- Measurement Frequency: 40 kHz
- Supply Voltage Range: 4.5V to 5.5V
- Current Consumption: 30mA
- Accuracy: ±1.5% of the measured distance
- Minimum Detectable Distance: 10 cm
Advanced Features of UART Ultrasonic Sensor
In addition to its impressive technical specifications, the UART ultrasonic sensor also features several advanced capabilities:
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Automatic Calibration: The sensor’s automatic calibration feature ensures accurate measurements by adjusting for variations in temperature and other environmental factors.
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Temperature Compensation: The temperature compensation feature further improves accuracy by compensating for changes in the speed of sound due to temperature variations.
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Noise Reduction: The noise reduction feature minimizes the impact of background noise on the sensor’s measurements, ensuring reliable and accurate distance measurements.
UART Communication Protocol
The UART ultrasonic sensor communicates with a microcontroller or a computer using the UART protocol. This serial communication protocol allows for the transmission of data bit by bit over a communication channel. The UART protocol is asynchronous, meaning that the transmitter and receiver do not share a common clock signal, but instead, they rely on pre-defined baud rates to synchronize the data transmission.
The UART protocol typically uses the following parameters:
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Baud Rate | 9600 bps |
| Data Bits | 8 |
| Stop Bits | 1 |
| Parity | None |
To communicate with the UART ultrasonic sensor, you will need to configure your microcontroller or computer’s UART interface to match these parameters.
Interfacing the UART Ultrasonic Sensor
Interfacing the UART ultrasonic sensor with a microcontroller or a computer is a straightforward process. The sensor typically has three pins:
- VCC: This pin is used to provide the sensor with the required supply voltage, which is typically 5V.
- GND: This pin is connected to the ground of the microcontroller or computer.
- TX/RX: This pin is used for serial communication, where TX (Transmit) is connected to the RX (Receive) pin of the microcontroller or computer, and RX is connected to the TX pin of the microcontroller or computer.
Once the sensor is properly connected, you can use the UART protocol to send commands to the sensor and receive distance measurements.
UART Ultrasonic Sensor Communication Protocol
The UART ultrasonic sensor communicates using a specific protocol, which typically includes the following commands:
- Distance Measurement Command: This command instructs the sensor to perform a distance measurement and return the result.
- Sensor Configuration Command: This command allows you to configure the sensor’s settings, such as the measurement range, measurement angle, and measurement frequency.
- Sensor Status Command: This command retrieves the sensor’s current status, such as the measured distance, signal strength, and any error conditions.
The specific command format and response data structure may vary depending on the sensor manufacturer, so it’s important to refer to the sensor’s datasheet or documentation for the exact protocol details.
Resources for UART Ultrasonic Sensor DIY Projects
If you’re interested in DIY projects involving the UART ultrasonic sensor, there are several resources available online:
- Renesas Electronics Corporation’s JEDEC STANDARD: This resource provides detailed specifications and guidelines for the use of ultrasonic sensors in various applications.
- Itron Glossary: This glossary provides definitions and explanations of key terms related to ultrasonic sensors and other measurement devices.
- Shift2Rail Deliverable D 1.2: This document analyzes the requirements and defines the interfaces for ultrasonic sensor applications.
- Measurement Science for Engineers: This resource from Ethernet.edu.et covers the fundamentals of measurement science, including the principles of ultrasonic sensors.
By leveraging these resources, you can gain a deeper understanding of the UART ultrasonic sensor and its capabilities, enabling you to create innovative DIY projects that harness the power of this advanced distance measurement and object detection technology.
References
- Science.gov. (n.d.). Measurement of wire insulation stiffness and ultrasonic properties by ultrasonic guided waves. Retrieved from https://www.science.gov/topicpages/w/wiring%2Bharness%2Btest
- Itron. (n.d.). Glossary. Retrieved from https://apps.itron.com/ItronGlossary/ItronGlossary.pdf
- Renesas Electronics Corporation. (n.d.). JEDEC STANDARD. Retrieved from https://www.renesas.com/us/en/document/gde/jedec-definition
- Shift2Rail. (2021). Deliverable D 1.2 Analysis of requirements and definition of interfaces. Retrieved from https://projects.shift2rail.org/download.aspx?id=0c4d6a10-f4f1-485c-b377-0fe7ea3e05bb
- Ethernet.edu.et. (n.d.). Measurement Science for Engineers. Retrieved from http://ndl.ethernet.edu.et/bitstream/123456789/36390/1/10.pdf
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