Seaborgium Chemical Properties (19 Facts You Should Know)

Seaborgium is a chemically generated radioactive element whose appearance is unknown. Let us discuss some facts about seaborgium in detail.

Seaborgium(Sg) is one of the transuranium elements. By fusing lighter elements with heavier ones in particle accelerators, heavy nuclei elements of seaborgium are created. The seaborgium atoms are generated, thermalized, and then reacted with an O₂/HCl solution.

Let us discuss the chemical characteristics of seaborgium which includes atomic symbol, electronic configuration, allotropic forms, ionisation energy and isotopes in detail.

Seaborgium symbol

A single or two-character atomic symbol is used to represent an atom. Let us discuss the atomic symbol of seaborgium.

The atomic symbol of seaborgium is “Sg” in the periodic table.

Seaborgium group in periodic table

The group is a column of the chemical elements in the periodic table. Let us examine which group seaborgium belongs to in the periodic table.

Seaborgium(Sg) belongs to group VIb or 6^th of the periodic table.

Seaborgium period in periodic table

The position and characteristics of an element are determined by periods, which are horizontal rows. Let us examine the seaborgium period in the periodic table.

Seaborgium is present in the 7^th period of the periodic table. 

Seaborgium block in periodic table

An element with the same physical and chemical properties is chosen as the block. Let us check seaborgium’s block.

Seaborgium is a d-block element and is known as a transactinide element.

Seaborgium atomic number

The total number of protons in a substance’s nucleus is referred to as its atomic number. Let us check out seaborgium’s atomic number.

Seaborgium has the atomic number 106 and is an artificial element. There are 106 protons and 106 electrons in it.

Seaborgium atomic Weight

The average mass of an element’s atoms as they appear in nature is expressed using atomic mass units. Let us check the atomic weight of seaborgium.

Seaborgium has an atomic weight of 262.94 g.mol^-1.

Seaborgium Electronegativity according to Pauling

The ability of an atom to attract electrons toward itself when it joins with a more electronegative atom is known as E.N. Let us check the electronegative value for seaborgium.

The electronegativity value of seaborgium is similar to the 6th group. It can be compared with other 6^th group elements on the Pauling scale.

Seaborgium atomic Density

The amount of atoms or nuclides in a molecule per unit volume is known as atomic density. Let us check seaborgium’s atomic density.

Seaborgium should have a density of about 35.0 g/cm³. However, calculations (2011-13) suggested a slightly lower value of 23-24 g/cm³. Seaborgium has a face-centred cubic crystal structure.

Seaborgium Vanderwaals radius

The Vanderwaals radii are calculated from the contact lengths of non-bonding atoms in adjacent molecules or atoms. Let us look at seaborgium’s vanderwaals radius.

Seaborgium has a Vanderwaals radius of 200 pm. It has an empirical atomic range of 132 pm (1pm=1*10^{‑12 m}).

Seaborgium isotopes

Isotopes can be distinguished from one another based on their mass number. Let us determine seaborgium’s isotopes.

Seaborgium has 12 known radioisotopes(Sg-258 to Sg-271) with two recognised isomers (Sg-261m and Sg-269). Sg-269 has the longest half-life of any isotope, lasting 14 minutes. Here is a list of the most common seaborgium isotopes:

Isotopes of Seaborgium	Atomic number	Atomic mass	Half-life	Decay mode	Daughter isotope
265Sg	106	264.11893	8.9 s	α	261Rf
265mSg	106	265.12109	16.2 s	α	261mRf
267Sg	106	267.12436	1.4 min	17% α 83% *SF	263Rf
269Sg	106	269.12863	14 min	α	265Rf
271Sg	106	271.13393	1.6 min	67% α 33% *SF	267Rf

Seaborgium electronic shell

There are a certain number of electrons in each of the electronic shells that surround the nucleus. Let us check the electronic shell of seaborgium.

The electronic shell structure of seaborgium is 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 12, 2 around a nucleus that has the s, p, d and f orbital, respectively.

Seaborgium electron configurations

How an element’s electrons are distributed within its orbitals is referred to as its electron configuration. Let us look at seaborgium’s electron configurations.

The electron configuration of seaborgium is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ 4s² 4p⁶ 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p⁶ 5d¹⁰ 6s² 4f¹⁴ 6p⁶ 5f¹⁴ 6d⁴ 7s² or [Rn]7s²5f¹⁴6d⁴.

Seaborgium energy of first ionisation

The 1^st I.E. is the amount of energy needed to expel the outer shell electrons from the final orbital. Let us examine seaborgium’s first ionisation energy.

Seaborgium needed 757 kJ/mol of energy to remove the first electrons from 6d ([Rn]7s²5f¹⁴6d⁴; Sg→Sg⁺) orbitals or from the last subshell of the element. 

Seaborgium energy of second ionisation

The force required to release the most loosely bound electron from a substance with +1 charge is known as the second I.E. Let us determine seaborgium’s 2^nd ionisation energy.

Seaborgium has a second ionisation energy of 1733 kJ/mol. The 6d orbital in its electronic structure can be reduced by removing one electron from 6d ([Rn]7s²5f¹⁴6d³; Sg⁺→Sg²⁺) orbitals.

Seaborgium energy of third ionisation

The removal of 2 electrons from the outermost shell of an atom’s orbital with a +2 charge results in a 3rd I.E. Let us determine the 3rd ionisation energy of seaborgium.

The third ionisation energy of seaborgium is 2484 kJ/mol. This energy is required to remove the third electron from the outermost 7s ([Rn]5f¹⁴6d³7s¹; Sg²⁺→Sg⁴⁺) orbitals.

Seaborgium oxidation states

Atoms in chemical complexes can be oxidized to different degrees based on their oxidation state. Let us examine seaborgium’s oxidation states.

Seaborgium can be found in oxidation states including 0, +3, +4, +5, +6. Seaborgium is predicted to lose its 6d electrons before its 7s electrons in the seventh period. The table regarding the stability of the oxidation state is shown below:

Oxidation States	Stability	A phase of the element
+6	Most stable	Gaseous and Aqueous
+5 & +4	Less stable	Gaseous and Aqueous
+3	Least stable	Both

Seaborgium CAS number

A distinctive identity number issued globally, the CAS number is a particular variation of the number. Let us check seaborgium’s CAS number.

The CAS number of the seaborgium molecule is 54038-81-2.

Seaborgium chemical classification

The reactivity and other characteristics of chemical elements are used to classify chemical properties. Let us discuss seaborgium’s chemical characteristics.

The following list shows the chemical properties of seaborgium:

1. Seaborgium is created by combining oxygen-18 nuclei with californium-249.
2. Studies using seaborgium have revealed that it has chemical characteristics identical to tungsten.
3. Seaborgium shares chemical properties with molybdenum.
4. There are 165 neutrons in all seaborgium.

Seaborgium state at room temperature

A suitable temperature range between 20-25°C is referred to as room temperature. Let us check the state of the seaborgium at room temperature.

Seaborgium is solid at normal temperature (or called room temperature). 

Is Seaborgium paramagnetic?

Paramagnetic materials are those that display paramagnetism when subjected to an external, weak magnetic field. Let us check the seaborgium paramagnetic property.

Seaborgium has paramagnetic properties. It will show different magnetic susceptibility in a different format. The value of magnetic susceptibility is shown in the table below:

Magnetic  Susceptibility	Value (m3/ Kg or mol)
Mass susceptibility	6.66 x 10-8 m3/ Kg
Molar susceptibility	5.921 x 10-10 m3/mol
Volume susceptibility	0.0002978

Conclusion

Seaborgium is one of the transuranium elements. The first element named after a living being was seaborgium. Research projects on cold fusion and hot fusion have both centred on seaborgium. The covalent radius of an atom of seaborgium is 143pm.