Troubleshooting a Jet Pump That’s Not Working: A Comprehensive Guide

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When a jet pump fails to function correctly, it can be a frustrating and perplexing issue for homeowners. The main problem with a jet pump not working is typically a lack of pressure or flow, which can be caused by various factors. This comprehensive guide will delve into the technical details and provide a step-by-step approach to troubleshooting and resolving the problem.

Understanding Jet Pump Specifications

  1. Pressure: The normal operating pressure for a jet pump is typically between 30 to 50 psi (pounds per square inch). If the pressure is lower than this range, it could indicate a problem with the pump.

  2. Flow Rate: A 3/4 horsepower jet pump has a flow rate of approximately 16 gallons per minute (gpm). If the flow rate is significantly lower than this, it could be due to a clogged jet, a leak, or other issues.

  3. Suction Lift: The maximum suction lift for a deep-well jet pump is typically around 25 feet, although some models can handle up to 80 feet. If the well depth exceeds this limit, a submersible pump may be necessary.

  4. Pipe Diameter: The diameter of the pipes used in the system can affect the flow rate and pressure. For example, using a 1-inch pipe instead of a 3/4-inch pipe can increase the flow rate by up to 50%.

  5. Water Level: The water level in the well can also affect the pump’s performance. If the water level drops below the end of the suction pipe, the pump will not be able to draw water.

Troubleshooting Steps

jet pump not working

  1. Check for Water in the Pump: If the pump is not producing any pressure or flow, the first step is to check if there is water in the pump. If the pump has lost prime, it will need to be reprimed.

  2. To check for water in the pump, remove the priming plug and see if water flows out. If not, the pump has lost its prime and needs to be reprimed.

  3. To reprime the pump, follow the manufacturer’s instructions, which typically involve filling the pump casing with water and then starting the pump.

  4. Check for Leaks: Leaks in the piping or valves can cause a loss of pressure or flow. Check for any signs of water leakage and tighten any loose connections.

  5. Inspect the entire system, including the suction line, discharge line, and any valves or fittings, for any visible signs of leaks.

  6. Use a water pressure gauge to check the pressure at various points in the system. A significant drop in pressure may indicate a leak.

  7. Tighten any loose connections and replace any damaged or worn gaskets or seals.

  8. Check for Gas in the Water: Gas in the water can cause the pump to lose pressure or flow. If you suspect this is the issue, you may need to install a gas separator.

  9. Gas in the water can come from various sources, such as dissolved gases in the groundwater or air being drawn into the system.

  10. Symptoms of gas in the water include the pump running but not building pressure, the pump cycling on and off frequently, or the water having a bubbly or aerated appearance.

  11. To address this issue, you may need to install a gas separator or air release valve in the system.

  12. Check the Jet: If the jet is clogged, it can reduce the flow rate and pressure. Use a long metal rod, such as a coat hanger, to clear any obstructions in the jet.

  13. The jet is a small nozzle or orifice that creates a high-velocity stream of water to draw water from the well.

  14. Over time, the jet can become clogged with mineral deposits, debris, or other contaminants, reducing its effectiveness.

  15. Carefully remove the jet and use a long, thin object to clear any blockages. Be sure not to damage the jet during the cleaning process.

  16. Check the Foot Valve or Check Valve: If the foot valve or check valve is not working properly, it can allow water to bleed back into the well, reducing the pressure or flow.

  17. The foot valve is a one-way valve installed at the bottom of the suction pipe, preventing water from flowing back into the well.

  18. The check valve is a similar one-way valve installed in the discharge line, preventing water from flowing back into the pump.

  19. Inspect these valves for any signs of wear, damage, or debris buildup. Replace the valves if necessary.

  20. Check the Pump Motor: If the pump is producing pressure but not flow, there may be an issue with the pump motor.

  21. Listen for any unusual noises or vibrations coming from the motor, which could indicate a problem.

  22. Check the motor’s electrical connections and ensure that the voltage and amperage are within the manufacturer’s specifications.
  23. If the motor appears to be malfunctioning, consult the manufacturer’s troubleshooting guide or contact a professional for further assistance.

By following these troubleshooting steps and addressing the specific issues identified, you can often resolve the problem with a jet pump that is not working correctly. Remember to always prioritize safety and follow the manufacturer’s instructions when working on any plumbing or electrical components.

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