Cobalt is a chemical element that belongs to the 17th group in the periodic table, possessing an atomic mass of 58.933195 u. Let us see some of the characteristics of this element, Cobalt.
Cobalt’s atomic number is 27, which is naturally found in the earth’s crust in chemically combined form. Nowadays, Cobalt is produced from metallic-lustered ores like Cobaltite. It is a ferromagnetic metal having a specific gravity of 8.9. Metallic Cobalt exists in two crystalline structures, hcp and fcc.
Cobalt has two isotopic forms, Cobalt-59, and Cobalt-60, out of which Cobalt-59 is the most stable, and Cobalt-60 commercially has its significance. In this article, we will discuss some facts about Cobalt, like its ionization energy and the properties of some other elements.
Cobalt and Iron ionization energy
Iron belongs to group 10. So, its ionization energy slightly differs from Cobalt ionization energies.
Ionization | Ionization energy of Co | Ionization energy of Fe | Reasons |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | 760.4 KJ/mol | 762.5 KJ/mol | In both Co and Fe, 1st electron is removed from the s-orbital. |
| 2nd | 1648 KJ/mol | 1561.9 KJ/mol | In Co and Fe, the 2nd electron is also removed from the s-orbital. |
| 3rd | 3232 KJ/mol | 2957 KJ/mol | In both Co and Fe, 3rd electron is removed from the p-orbital. |
| 4th | 4950 KJ/mol | 5290 KJ/mol | In both Co and Fe, the 4th electron is removed from the p-orbital. |
| 5th | 7670 KJ/mol | 7240 KJ/mol | In both Co and Fe, the 5th electron is removed from the p-orbital. |
| 6th | 9840 KJ/mol | 9560 KJ/mol | In both Co and Fe, the 6th electron is removed from the p-orbital. |
| 7th | 12,440 KJ/mol | 12,060 KJ/mol | In both Co and Fe, the 7th electron is removed from the p-orbital. |
| 8th | 15,230 KJ/mol | 14,580 KJ/mol | In both Co and Fe,the 8th electron has been removed from the P-orbital in both Co and Fe. |
| 9th | 17,979 KJ/mol | 22,540 KJ/mol | In both Co and Fe, the 9th electron has been removed from the p-orbital to stable by attaining the noble gas configuration. |
Cobalt electronegativity
Cobalt electronegativity is 1.88 on Pauling’s scale.
Electronegativity of Cobalt Oxide
- In Cobalt Oxide, the electronegativity of Oxygen is 3.44, and Cobalt electronegativity is 1.88, as per Pauling’s scale.
- Oxygen has more electronegativity than Cobalt, so the electrons get pulled toward the Oxygen nucleus.
Electronegativity of Cobalt and Fluorine
Fluorine comes under the 17th group of elements, so it has more electronegativity than Cobalt. Let us discuss in below;
| Electronegativity of Cobalt | Electronegativity of fluorine | Reasons |
|---|---|---|
| 1.88 | 3.98 | Fluorine possesses more electronegativity among all the elements in the periodic table since it has 5 unpaired electrons in its P-orbital, so it requires one more electron to attain stability by undergoing noble gas configuration. Hence Fluorine has an electronegativity of 3.98, and Cobalt has an electronegativity of 1.88 under Pauling’s scale. |
Conclusion
Cobalt is mainly used in cobalt-ion batteries and highly resistant alloys. It is used to impart color to glass, ceramics and glazes. Cobalt is essential for metabolism and is a key constituent of cobalamin, also known as vitamin B12. A small amount of Cobalt in the soil can enhance the health of grazing animals.
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Hi…I am Surya Satya Eluri. I have done my M.Sc in Organic Chemistry. I am very enthusiastic about the high-energy chemistry field. I love to write complicated chemistry concepts in understandable and simple words.
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