The Shallow Well Pump Won’t Turn Off: A Comprehensive DIY Guide

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The shallow well pump not turning off is a common issue faced by homeowners, and it can be caused by various factors. This comprehensive guide will dive deep into the technical specifications and provide step-by-step DIY solutions to help you troubleshoot and resolve this problem effectively.

Technical Specifications

Pressure Switch

The pressure switch is a crucial component in a shallow well pump system. It controls the pump’s operation by turning it on when the pressure drops below a certain level (usually around 40 PSI) and turning it off when the pressure reaches the desired level (usually around 60 PSI). If the pressure switch is faulty or improperly adjusted, it may cause the pump to run continuously.

The pressure switch typically has two adjustable screws: one for the cut-in pressure (the pressure at which the pump turns on) and one for the cut-out pressure (the pressure at which the pump turns off). The cut-in pressure is usually set around 40 PSI, while the cut-out pressure is set around 60 PSI. If these settings are not correct, the pump may not turn off as expected.

To check the pressure switch, you can use a pressure gauge to measure the system’s pressure. If the pressure is not within the expected range, you may need to adjust the pressure switch or replace it if it is faulty.

Pressure Tank

A pressure tank is used to store water under pressure, reducing the frequency of the pump’s cycling. If the pressure tank is too small or malfunctioning, it may not provide enough pressure storage, causing the pump to run continuously.

The size of the pressure tank is determined by the well’s depth and the pump’s capacity. A general rule of thumb is to have a pressure tank with a volume of at least 2 gallons per 1 gallon per minute (GPM) of pump capacity. For example, if your pump has a capacity of 10 GPM, you would need a pressure tank with a minimum volume of 20 gallons.

If the pressure tank is waterlogged (the air-to-water ratio is off), it may not be able to maintain the desired pressure, causing the pump to run continuously. You can check the tank’s air pressure using a tire pressure gauge and adjust it accordingly.

Check Valve

A check valve is designed to prevent backflow in the system. If it becomes stuck or fails, it can cause the pump to run continuously.

The check valve is typically located near the pump or at the well’s discharge point. It should be installed in the correct orientation, with the arrow pointing in the direction of the water flow. If the check valve is stuck or not functioning properly, it can allow water to flow back into the well, causing the pump to run continuously.

To check the check valve, you can disconnect the discharge line and visually inspect the valve. If it is stuck or damaged, you may need to replace it.

Leaks

Leaks in the system can cause a drop in pressure, triggering the pump to run continuously in an attempt to maintain the desired pressure level.

Common areas to check for leaks include the pressure tank, the discharge line, and any connections or fittings in the system. You can use a pressure gauge to identify areas with lower-than-normal pressure, which may indicate a leak.

If you find a leak, you will need to repair or replace the affected component to restore the system’s integrity and stop the pump from running continuously.

DIY Solutions

the shallow well pump wont turn off

Check the Pressure Switch

If the pressure switch is the issue, you can try adjusting it or replacing it. A new pressure switch typically costs around $60 and is relatively easy to install.

To adjust the pressure switch, you will need to locate the adjustment screws and use a screwdriver to turn them. Refer to the manufacturer’s instructions for the proper adjustment procedure.

If the pressure switch is faulty, you will need to replace it. Shut off the power to the pump, disconnect the old switch, and install the new one. Make sure to connect the wires correctly and test the new switch to ensure it is functioning properly.

Inspect the Pressure Tank

Ensure the pressure tank is properly sized and functioning correctly. If it’s malfunctioning, you may need to replace it. High-quality liquid-filled pressure gauges are recommended for accurate pressure measurement.

To check the pressure tank, first, turn off the power to the pump and release the pressure in the system. Use a tire pressure gauge to measure the air pressure in the tank. The air pressure should be about 2 PSI lower than the cut-in pressure of the pressure switch.

If the air pressure is too low, you can add air using a compressor or air pump. If the tank is waterlogged (the air-to-water ratio is off), you may need to replace the tank.

Examine the Check Valve

If the check valve is stuck or faulty, you may need to replace it. Replacement valves can be purchased online or at home centers.

To replace the check valve, shut off the power to the pump and turn off the water supply. Disconnect the discharge line and remove the old check valve. Install the new check valve, making sure it is oriented correctly, and reconnect the discharge line.

Look for Leaks

Check for leaks in the system and repair them as necessary. Lower-than-normal pressure within the system is often associated with leaks.

Start by visually inspecting the entire system, including the pressure tank, discharge line, and any connections or fittings. Use a pressure gauge to identify areas with lower-than-normal pressure, which may indicate a leak.

If you find a leak, you will need to repair or replace the affected component. This may involve tightening connections, replacing washers or gaskets, or replacing the entire section of the pipe or fitting.

By following these DIY solutions and addressing the technical specifications of your shallow well pump system, you should be able to resolve the issue of the pump not turning off and restore proper operation.

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