19+ Soil Bacteria Examples:Detailed Facts Around It

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This article illustrate all around information about “soil bacteria examples” in detail with some facts.

Some bacteria can able to make a symbiotic relationship with plants for the transfer and breakdown of nutrients from the soil to the plants, for the protection of plants among other pathogenic attacks or harmful microbes refer to as a soil bacteria.

Now take look on soil bacteria example in a brief

Pseudomonas fluorescens

These bacteria belong to the family Pseudomonadaceae.It is a most common soil bacteria examples. It is a rod-shaped, obligate anaerobe and gram-negative soil bacteria usually found in water and soil. It has an antimicrobial mechanism. The most important role of this bacteria is to act as plant growth-promoting bacteria and plant health and also as a biocontrol that helps to suppress infection on the seed and root of the plant by fungus and pathogenic microorganisms.

Rhizobium spp.

These bacteria belong to the family Rhizobiaceae. It is a most common soil bacteria examples.It is a gram-negative soil bacteria. They help in promoting the growth and development of plants and also improve the fertility of the soil.

The most important species of this Rhizobium bacteria include,

The main role of this bacteria is to fix the atmospheric nitrogen in association with the plant host. The bacteria make symbiotic relationships with the root nodules of leguminous plants. The bacteria help to fix the nitrogen,do nitrification and Dinitrification process and convert into ammonia and then convert it into a useful organic compound that is helpful for the fertility of the soil and the growth of the plants.

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soil bacteria examples
Image from Microbewiki

Flavobacterium

These bacteria belong to the family Flavobacteriaceae. It is a motile and nonmotile, rod-shaped and free-living, gram-negative and most common soil bacteria examples,mostly found in water and soil. The main role of this bacteria is it can act as a decomposer. It can convert complex compounds like pectin and other polysaccharides into simple forms.

Azotobacter spp.

These bacteria belong to the family Pseudomonadaceae. It is an aerobic, free-living, spherical, or oval-shaped, and gram-negative soil bacteria. Most of these soil bacteria act as an enhancer for the plant yield stability and crop nutrition It has a very important role in nitrogen fixation, and fertility of the soil by increasing the amount of nitrogen.it can also synthesize some active biological substances such as phytohormone and act as an Azotobacterium nitrogen biofertilizer.

Azotobacter cells
soil bacteria examples
Image from Wikipedia

Bacillus subtilis

These bacteria belong to the family bacilliaceae. It is a rod-shaped, obligate aerobe and gram-positive soil bacteria. The most important role of this bacteria is to activate some mechanisms for the plant defense to reduce harmful pathogenic bacteria which infect the plants and make the plant resistant to infection and enhance crop immunity by secreting active substances.

Bacillus megaterium

These bacteria belong to the family Bacilliaceae.It is a most common soil bacteria examples.It is a spore-forming, rod-shaped, and gram-positive soil bacteria. The most important role of these bacteria is to act as plant growth-promoting bacteria and as a bio-organic fertilizer for plant improvement and pathogen inhibitor. They produce some potassium fixing and phosphate fixing fertilizer for solubilization of potassium and phosphate.

800px Bacillus megaterium DSM 90 cells
soil bacteria examples
Image from Wikipedia

Agrobacterium spp.

These bacteria belong to the family Rhizobiaceae. It is a gram-negative soil bacteria. It can be found in water, soil, and most of the surface of the root. The most common species of this bacteria is Agrobacterium tumefaciens. They are mostly used in modern biotechnology applications for the horizontal gene transfer for the production of transgenic plants.

Klebsiella spp.

These bacteria belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae. It is a rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic, gram-negative bacteria mostly found in water, soil, or on plants. The most common species of this bacteria klebsiella varicella can able to create a rhizosphere microenvironment in alkali-saline conditions for the improvement of the soil environment and to promote plant growth. It can also act as a biofertilizer and nitrogen fixation.

Arthrobacter

These bacteria belong to the Micrococcaceae family.it is an obligate, aerobic gram-positive soil bacteria. The most common role of this bacteria is to reduce the number of harmful chemicals and pesticides that are present in soil and improve the fertility of the soil and promote the ggrowthof the plgrowth ofost common species of this bacteria named Arthrobacter agilis, A.albus, A.cumminsii, A.globiformis, and many more. one of the species name Arthrobacter agilis acts as bioremediation in the agricultural industry.

Frequently asked questions:

What are bacteria in the soil?

Some bacteria can act as a shield and also help to plant with different processes like nutrients and recycling of nitrogen, sulfur, carbon, phosphorus, mineral supply, Nitrogen fixation, etc. these bacteria can able to grow and adapt themselves in the different microenvironments and can able survive in changing soil conditions.

Such types of soil bacteria can binding soil particles together by their secretions and can form some micro-aggregates.For the improvement of soil structure and to keep the soil productive and healthy, for water-holding capacity, and water infiltration, these micro-aggregates act as a building block that only forms through the help of these different types and species of soil bacteria.

What are the most common bacteria in the soil?

The most common region of soil is known as a Rhizosphere where we can isolate the different bacteria. There are most common bacteria in the soil are Agrobacterium, Micrococcus, Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Clostridium, Mycobacterium, Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium, and many more.

Based on energy consumption and carbon utilization, some Phototrophs, Chemoorganotrophs, Chemolithotrophs, Autotrophs and Heterotrophs, and also some other metabolic active microorganisms are found.

How to make soil bacteria?

To make good bacteria within the soil, it is important to keep soil healthy with a good amount of extra composite and useful nutrients with the availability of water so that the bacteria can able to do their work for the growth of plants and make the soil more fertile.

The soil microbes are naturally present in the soil for the different activities of growth of the plant, nutrient recycling, and fixation of carbon, and nitrogen.

How do measure bacteria in soil?

Most of the soil contains around 100 million to 1 Billion bacteria. There are different methods are available to measure bacteria in the soil. The most common methods which act as an indicator are Fumigation-extraction, substrate-induced respiration, and fumigation-incubation.

For the testing of microbial activity in the soil, the fluorescein diacetate test is the modern method by which it can measure the bacteria via the presence of some secretions like enzymes bacteria and some other activity of microorganisms present in the soil. For the identification of soil microbes, there are other simple techniques are used by their ecological characteristics, physiology, molecular characteristics, genetic characteristics, and morphology.

How to get bacteria from the soil?

There are different microbial techniques are used to easily get bacteria from the soil. To isolate bacteria, it is required to dilute the sample of soil and need to do some streaking and spread plate, and pour plate method to isolate the different colonies of bacteria separately.

The spread plate and serial dilution are the best starting points to get bacteria from the soil. and Another most common method generally use to get bacteria is the simple centrifugation-blending procedure.

 

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