Phosphorus Lewis Dot Structure: Drawing, Several Compounds And Detailed Explanations

In this article we are going to understand various phosphorus lewis dot structure.

The atomic number of phosphorus is 15 and it is denoted by P. It exists in two forms, red and white phosphorus. So we are going to study phosphorus lewis dot structure in order to understand the bonding in it in detail. It has 23 isotopes 31P being the stable among them and 32P and 33P are radioactive isotopes that find application in experiments of biological science.

Potassium and Phosphorus lewis dot structure

We know that in order to draw the lewis dot structure of any compound we must first know the number of valence electrons. In this section, we will study K3P (Potassium Phosphide) a compound formed from potassium and phosphorus.

Potassium is an alkaline metal and Phosphorus is a non metal, we know that when metal and non metal form compounds it will form an ionic compound. And the metal will give its electrons to non metal. Similar is the case of potassium and phosphorus they to form ionic compounds. The valence electrons of potassium is one ( since 3 potassium atoms are present, the total of K will be 1×3=3 electrons) and phosphorus is 5. The total valence electrons in the molecule will be 3+5=8 electrons.

So phosphorus will gain 3 electrons from potassium in order to satisfy its valency and obtain a completely filled octet. So one electron pair is shared between potassium and phosphorus and the resulting bond is a single bond. The positive charge on Potassium indicates it has lost electron. One should be very careful while handling K3P as it easily catches fire when exposed to water as it reacts violently and it is used for preparing various chemicals.

Magnesium and Phosphorus lewis dot structure

Magnesium is a metal and Phosphorus is a non metal, so an ionic compound will be formed and the metal will give its electrons to non metal. So the compound formed by Magnesium and Phosphorus is Magnesium Phosphide (Mg3P2).

The valence electrons in the magnesium are 2 (since there are three magnesium atoms the total magnesium valence electrons will be 2×3=6 electrons) and the phosphorus valence electrons are 5 (since there are 2 phosphorus atoms, the total phosphorus valence electrons will be 5×2=10 electrons). The total valence electrons in the molecule will be 6+10=16 electrons.

In the structure there are three magnesium atoms and 2 phosphorus atoms. In bonding with one Phosphorus atom, one Magnesium atom contributes 2 electrons and one more Magnesium contributes one electron. In this way valency of one Phosphorus atom is satisfied. Considering the second Phosphorus atom, one Magnesium atom gives one electron and other gives 2 electrons. In this way, the valency of second Phosphorus atom is also satisfied. So the resultant bond is here between Phosphorus and Magnesium is a double bond and the rest are single bonds.

Lithium and phosphorus lewis dot structure

Lithium is a metal and Phosphorus is a non metal, so the resulting compound will be ionic. The name of the compound formed by this two elements is Lithium Phosphide (Li3P).

The valence electrons in Lithium is 1 ( since there are three atoms in Lithium the total Lithium valence electrons are 3×1=3 electrons) and the valence electrons in phosphorus is 5. The total valence electrons in the molecule will be 3+5=8 electrons. So in order to satisfy its valency phosphorus will take 3 electrons from 3 Lithium each and complete its octet. The resulting bonds are single bonds.

The compound is an inorganic type with a molar mass of 51.8 g/mole. Its crystal structure is cubic and is reddish-brown color in appearance.

Calcium and Phosphorus lewis dot structure

Calcium is a metal and Phosphorus is a non metal, so an ionic compound will be formed and the metal will give its electrons to non metal. So the compound formed by calcium and Phosphorus is Calcium Phosphide (Ca3P2).

The valence electrons in the calcium are 2 ( since there are three Calcium atoms the total calcium valence electrons will be 2×3=6 electrons) and the phosphorus valence electrons are 5 ( since there are 2 phosphorus atoms, the total phosphorus valence electrons will be 5×2=10 electrons). The total valence electrons in the molecule will be 6+10=16 electrons. In the structure. There are three calcium atoms and 2 phosphorus atoms.

In bonding with one Phosphorus atom one calcium atom contributes 2 electrons and one more calcium contributes one electron. In this way valency of one Phosphorus atom is satisfied. Considering the second Phosphorus atom, one calcium atom gives one electron and other gives 2 electrons. In this way, the valency of second Phosphorus atom is also satisfied. The 3- charge on phosphorus indicates it has gained 3 electrons and the 2+ charge on Calcium indicates it has lost 2 electrons and formed the bond.

Aluminum and Phosphorus lewis dot structure

The compound formed from Aluminum and phosphorus is Aluminum Phosphide (AlP).

The structure is quite simple it has only one atom of Aluminium and one atom of Phosphorus. The valence electrons in Aluminium are 3 and in Phosphorus are 5. The total valence electrons in the molecule will be 3+5=8 electrons. We know that Phosphorus requires three more electrons to satisfy its valency.

So in this molecule Aluminium gives its 3 electrons with one Phosphorus atom thus completing the octet of Phosphorus. The bonds resulting are single bonds. The 3- charge on Phosphorus indicates it has gained three electrons and the 3+ charge on Aluminium indicates it has lost three electrons. The gas of this compound is very toxic and should be handled very carefully.

Beryllium and Phosphorus lewis dot structure

Beryllium is a metal and Phosphorus is a non metal, so an ionic compound will be formed and the metal will give its electrons to non metal. So the compound formed by beryllium and Phosphorus is beryllium Phosphide (Be3P2).

The valence electrons in the beryllium are 2 ( since there are three beryllium atoms the total beryllium valence electrons will be 2×3=6 electrons) and the phosphorus valence electrons are 5 ( since there are 2 phosphorus atoms, the total phosphorus valence electrons will be 5×2=10 electrons). The total valence electrons in the molecule will be 6+10=16 electrons.

In the structure there are three beryllium atoms and 2 phosphorus atoms. In bonding with one Phosphorus atom, one beryllium atom contributes 2 electrons and one more beryllium contributes one electron. In this way valency of one Phosphorus atom is satisfied. Considering the second Phosphorus atom, one beryllium atom gives one electron and other gives 2 electrons. In this way, the valency of second Phosphorus atom is also satisfied.

Sodium and phosphorus lewis dot structure

Sodium is an alkali metal and Phosphorus is a non metal, so the resulting compound will be ionic. The name of the compound formed by this two elements is Sodium Phosphide (Na3P).

The valence electrons in sodium is 1 ( since there are three atoms in sodium the total sodium valence electrons are 3×1=3 electrons) and the valence electrons in phosphorus is 5. The total valence electrons in the molecule will be 3+5=8 electrons. So in order to satisfy its valency phosphorus will take 3 electrons from 3 sodium each and complete its octet. The resulting bonds are single bonds.

Carbon and Phosphorus lewis dot structure

There are many compounds formed by carbon and phosphorus but we will study dicarbon phosphide (C2H3P). It is also known as ethynlphosphine. The structure has two carbon, 3 hydrogen atoms, and one phosphorus atom.

The valence electrons in carbon are 4 (since 2 carbon atoms are present the total carbon valence electrons are 4×2=8 electrons). The valence electrons in hydrogen is 1 (since 3 hydrogen atoms are present the total hydrogen valence electrons will be 3×1=3). The valence electrons in phosphorus are 5. The total valence electrons in the molecule will be 8+3+5=16 electrons.

Phosphorus will satisfy by its valency by taking two electrons from two hydrogen atoms and 3 electrons from carbon atom. That carbon will bond with the second carbon by forming a triple bond and that carbon will complete its octet by taking one electron from hydrogen atom.

Phosphorus trichloride lewis dot structure

In the structure of phosphorus trichloride, there are 3 chlorine atoms and one phosphorus atom.

The chlorine valence electrons that participate in bonding with phosphorus are 3 electrons, one electron each from 3 chlorine atoms. The phosphorus valence electrons that participate in bonding are 3. So, the available 3+3=6 electrons are involved in bonding and their octet are satisfied. Thus 3 chlorine atoms will bond with one Phosphorus atom and satisfy its valency.

Phosphorus ion lewis dot structure

The Phosphorus ion that we are going to study in this section is Phosphate ion (PO43-).

The valence electrons in phosphorus are 3 and in oxygen, there are 6 valence electrons (since 4 oxygen atoms are present the total valence electrons will be 4×6=24) and also 2 more electrons due to the -2 charge on the ion. The total valence electrons in the molecule will be 5+24+2=32. Phosphorus will be central atom and will be surrounded by 4 oxygen atoms.

Phosphorus will share one electron pair each with 3 oxygen atoms and will share 2 electron pairs with one oxygen atom, so the resulting bond will be a double bond and rest will be single bonds. In this way, the valency of phosphorus will be satisfied.

Phosphorus pentachloride lewis dot structure

In the structure of this molecule, there are 5 chlorine atoms and one phosphorus atom. So phosphorus has 5 valence electrons and 5 chlorine atoms will give one electron each.

The total valence electrons that will be involved in bonding are 5+5=10 electrons.  Phosphorus will share one electron pair with each of the 5 chlorine atoms and the resulting bonds will be single bonds. In this way, phosphorus will satisfy its valency.

Phosphorus triiodide lewis dot structure

In the structure of phosphorus triiodide, there are 3 iodine atoms and one phosphorus atom.

The iodine valence electrons that participate in bonding with phosphorus are 3 electrons, one electron each from 3 chlorine atoms. The phosphorus valence electrons that participate in bonding are 3. So, these available 3+3=6 electrons are involved in bonding and their octet are satisfied. Thus 3 chlorine atoms will bond with one Phosphorus atom and satisfy its valency.

Phosphorus trifluoride lewis dot structure

In the structure of phosphorus trifluoride, there are 3 fluorine atoms and one phosphorus atom.

The fluorine valence electrons that participate in bonding with phosphorus are 3 electrons, one electron each from 3 fluorine atoms. The phosphorus valence electrons that participate in bonding are 3. So, these available 3+3=6 electrons are involved in bonding and their octet are satisfied. Thus 3 fluorine atoms will bond with one Phosphorus atom and satisfy its valency.

Phosphorus tribromide lewis dot structure

In the structure of phosphorus tribromide, there are 3 bromine atoms and one phosphorus atom.

The bromine valence electrons that participate in bonding with phosphorus are 3 electrons, one electron each from 3 bromine atoms. The phosphorus valence electrons that participate in bonding are 3. So, the available 3+3=6 electrons are involved in bonding and their octet are satisfied. Thus 3 bromine atoms will bond with one Phosphorus atom and satisfy its valency.