Og or Oganesson is the radioactive noble gas having the highest atomic number in the periodic table. Let us discuss some facts about oganesson.
Oganesson in the synthetic element was prepared in the laboratory in 2002 for the first time. It has the highest atomic number and the highest atomic mass of all known elements. It is the last element of the periodic table till now and is extremely radioactive in nature and placed in the inert gas series.
In this article, we should discuss some basic information about oganesson like its position in the periodic table, and physical properties.
1. Oganesson symbol
The atomic symbol of Oganesson is “Og” which is coming from the English alphabet. As O is used for the atomic symbol of oxygen so we used “Og” as the abbreviation of the element.
2. Oganesson group in the periodic table
The group of Oganesson in the periodic table is 18 because it is a noble gas. So, it is placed in the 18th group as an element. In the Mendeleev periodic table, it is group 18 but in the modern table, it is placed as the VIIIA group as per the precipitation table.
3. Oganesson period in the periodic table
Oganesson belongs to period 7 in the periodic table because it has more than 86 electrons in the valence shell. Up to period 6, there will be 86th elements that are well placed, so the remaining 32 electrons get the 7th period after the actinide and radioactive series.
4. Oganesson block in the periodic table
Oganesson is a p-block element because the valence electrons are present in the p orbital. Og also has s, d, and f orbitals but the outermost electrons are present in the 7p orbital according to the Aufbau principle.
5. Oganesson atomic number
The atomic number of Oganesson is 118, which means it has 118 protons because the number of protons is always equal to the number of electrons.
6. Oganesson atomic Weight
The atomic weight of Oganesson is 294 on the 12C scale which means the weight of Oganesson is the 294/12th part of the weight of the carbon element.
7. Oganesson Electronegativity according to Pauling
The electronegativity of Oganesson is 2 according to the Pauling scale. The group 18th element has a higher electronegativity than the previous group’s halogen element.
8. Oganesson atomic Density
The atomic density of Oganesson is 7.2 g/cm3 which can be calculated by dividing the mass of Oganesson by its volume.
- Density is calculated by the formula, atomic density = atomic mass / atomic volume.
- So, the atomic density of Oganesson is, 294/ (22.4*2) = 6.586 g/cm3
9. Oganesson melting point
The melting point of Oganesson lies between 325K to 340K temperature because due to its radioactive nature it changes the melting temperature.
10. Oganesson boiling point
The boiling point of Oganesson is 450K to 465Kbecause it exists in gaseous form at room temperature. The radioactive nature varies for the boiling temperature.
11. Oganesson Van der Waals radius
The Van der Waal’s radius of Oganesson is 157 pm because it has 7s which has more spatial distribution but also has relativistic contraction and a filled 6d and 5f orbital so it has a strong screening effect. So, the nucleus attraction force for the outermost orbital increases, and this decreases the radius.
- Van der Waal’s radius is calculated by the mathematical formula considering the distance between two atoms, where atoms are spherical in shape.
- Van der Waal’s radius is, Rv = dA-A / 2
- dA-A is the distance between two adjacent spheres of the atomic molecule or the summation of a radius of two atoms.
12. Oganesson ionic radius
The ionic radius of Oganesson is 157 pm which is the same as the covalent radius because for Oganesson the cation and anion are the same and it is not an ionic molecule. Rather, it forms by the covalent interaction between two Oganesson atoms.
13. Oganesson isotopes
Elements having the same number of electrons but different mass numbers are called isotopes of the original element. Let us discuss the isotopes of Oganesson.
Oganesson is synthesized by the partial accelerator so like other synthetic radioactive elements it has no isotopes due to extreme radiation but in 2005 its first and only isotope 294Og was synthesized which has a very short life.
| Isotope | Natural Abundance | Half-life | Emitting particles | No. of Neutron |
| 294Og | Synthetic | 700 µS | α, SF | 176 |
The daughter isotope of the 294Og is 294Lv which is also a radioactive chalcogen.
14. Oganesson electronic shell
The shell surrounding the nucleus as per principal quantum number and holding the electrons is called an electronic shell. Let us discuss the electronic shell of Oganesson.
The electronic shell distribution of Oganesson is 2 8 18 32 31 18 8 because it has s, p, d, and f orbitals around the nucleus. Since it has more than 86 electrons and to arrange 54 electrons it needs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7th orbitals.
15. Oganesson electron configurations
The electronic configuration of Oganesson is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 5f14 6s2 6p6 6d10 7s2 7p6 because it has 118 electrons and those electrons should be placed to the nearest orbital of the nucleus s, p, d, and f orbitals and denoted as [Rn]5f146d107s27p6.
16. Oganesson energy of first ionization
The first ionization value for Oganesson is 860.1 KJ/mol because the electron is removed from the fully-filled 7p orbital. So, the removal of the first electron for any noble gas disturbed the stability so it requires more energy and for this reason, the first ionization energy of every noble gas is expected to be high.
17. Oganesson energy of second ionization
The 2nd ionization energy of Oganesson is 1560 KJ/mol because, in the 2nd ionization, electrons are removed from the 7p orbital. Upon 2nd ionization, Og does not lose its stability but the 2nd electron is removed from the excited state so it required much energy.
18. Oganesson energy of third ionization
The third ionization energy for Oganesson is 2870 KJ/mol because the third ionization occurs from 6p orbital and gets stabilization due to being half-filled but the value is higher than expected.
19. Oganesson oxidation states
The stable oxidation of Og is 0 as it is noble gas so it has a filled valence orbital but it also shows variable oxidation states like -1, +1, +2, +4, +6, and oxidation state depending upon the molecule formation with electronegative atoms. Oganesson is the only noble gas that can react with oxygen and fluoride to form different molecules with different valencies.
20. Oganesson CAS number
The CAS number of the Oganesson molecule is 54144-19-3, which is given by the chemical abstracts service.
21. Oganesson Chem Spider ID
The Chem Spider ID for Oganesson is 975481. By using this number, we can evaluate all the chemical data related to the Oganesson atom.
22. Oganesson allotropic forms
Allotropes are elements or molecules with similar chemical properties but different physical properties. Let us discuss the allotropic form of Oganesson.
Oganesson has no allotropes because it is a noble inert gas that has a filled valence shell. Due to more stability, it does not show catenation property.
23. Oganesson chemical classification
Oganesson is classified into the following categories:
- Og is a noble inert element
- Og is a gaseous element
- Og is a very reactive element
- Og is a strong radioactive element
- Og is a super heavy element
- Og is post actinide element
24. Oganesson state at room temperature
Oganesson exists in a gaseous at room temperature but it exists as a solid due to the relativistic effect because it has higher Van der Waal interaction. In the crystal form, it adopts face-centered cubic so the atoms exist very close to each other.
25. Is Oganesson paramagnetic?
Paramagnetism is the tendency of magnetization in the direction of the magnetic field. Let us see whether Oganesson is paramagnetic or not.
Oganesson is not paramagnetic rather it is diamagnetic because all the electrons in the valance orbitals are in paired form in 7p. the molar magnetic susceptibility of Og is unknown due to its radioactive nature.
Conclusion
Og is a group 18th element so it is a noble inert gas that is radioactive in nature. Due to radioactivity, it cannot be used in spectroscopy because the spectral data cannot be evaluated. It is used for the formation of different daughter isotopes which is radioactive.
Hi……I am Biswarup Chandra Dey, I have completed my Master’s in Chemistry from the Central University of Punjab. My area of specialization is Inorganic Chemistry. Chemistry is not all about reading line by line and memorizing, it is a concept to understand in an easy way and here I am sharing with you the concept about chemistry which I learn because knowledge is worth to share it.