Titanium finds its major usage in body piercings, dental implants, joint replacement, and many surgical instruments. We shall study the titanium magnetic properties in this topic.
Titanium is weakly magnetic and shows paramagnetic characteristics. The electronic configuration of titanium is [Ar] 3d2 4s2, having 2 unpaired electrons in a 3d orbital, and is responsible for the paramagnetic behavior of titanium. It shows the force of attraction towards a magnet when placed near it.
The paramagnetic behavior of titanium is not affected by the external magnetic field. We shall further discuss the detailed facts responsible for the paramagnetic behavior of titanium and its different magnetic properties. Also, we shall study whether the oxide of titanium shows the same behavior or not.
Why titanium is paramagnetic?
The magnet weakly attracts the titanium and hence is identified as paramagnetic. Let us discuss what makes titanium only paramagnetic.
Titanium is paramagnetic because it does allow more magnetic flux to pass through it. The magnetic susceptibility of titanium is less as the electric current induced in titanium restricts the flow of magnetic flux. The small electric current is produced by the motion of four free electrons present in its valence shell.
Is titanium dioxide magnetic?
Titanium dioxide consists of two oxygen atoms and is also called titania. Let us discuss whether titanium dioxide shows the same magnetic behavior as titanium or not.
Titanium dioxide is weakly paramagnetic because titanium and dioxide are paramagnetic. The magnetic susceptibility of titanium dioxide is 5.9 × 10-6 cm3/mol, which is very low but positive. The structure of titanium dioxide is from a hexagonal close packing structure to a cubic packing structure of atoms.
Is gold titanium alloy magnetic?
Gold titanium alloy is a mixture of titanium with gold, used in jewelry, dentistry, and ceramics. Let us see whether a gold titanium alloy is magnetic or not.
Gold titanium alloy is not magnetic because gold is diamagnetic, and the combination of the two cancels the paramagnetic behavior of titanium. The free electrons of gold and titanium pair to form metallic bonds. Hence, it does not show any response in the presence of the magnetic field.
Titanium Magnetic Properties
There are some properties of titanium that makes it paramagnetic. Let us ponder on the magnetic properties of titanium listed here below.
- Titanium is a transition metal having a density of 4.5/cm3.
- Ti is paramagnetic and has corrosion resistance.
- Ti has low thermal and electrical conductivity.
- Ti has two free electrons in a 3d orbital and is weakly attracted toward the magnet.
- Ti forms a bcc structure having hardness 6 on Moh’s scale.
Titanium Magnetic Moment
The magnetic moment determines the magnetic field strength to align the magnetic dipoles of titanium in its direction. Let us discuss more on the titanium magnetic moment further.
The magnetic moment of titanium is 1.73 BM due to the presence of 4 valence electrons. The spin magnetic moment of titanium is 2.82 BM and can also be zero if the unpaired electrons in the 3d orbital are paired and become diamagnetic. The magnetic moment of titanium oxides is variable based on their oxidation state.
Titanium Magnetic Permeability
The magnetic permeability of titanium decides the magnetic flux through its metallic structure. Let us discuss in brief the magnetic permeability of titanium.
The magnetic permeability of titanium is approximately 1. It is calculated as the ratio of the magnetic intensity through the titanium and the magnetizing field in which the titanium sample is placed. Usually, titanium is easy to mold due to its low density.
Titanium Magnetic Susceptibility
The magnetic susceptibility of any matter depends upon the number of free electrons. Let us discuss the magnetic susceptibility of titanium metal.
The magnetic susceptibility of titanium is 0.153 × 10-3 cm3/mol. It is found as the ratio of the magnetization of titanium and the magnetic field intensity. The magnetic susceptibility value is very small for titanium and is positive. It is a dimensionless quantity indicating how much the Ti can magnetize.
Conclusion
We can conclude from this article that titanium is weakly magnetic and shows paramagnetic behavior. Titanium oxide mainly occurs in the form of oxides, and titanium oxides’ magnetic moment is less than titanium metal. It has a low density and electrical conductivity.
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