15 facts on HI +NH3 : What,How To Balance & FAQs

Hydrogen Iodide having molecular formula HI and Ammonia having molecular formula NH₃ are the inorganic compounds. Let us know more about the reaction and nature of the two.

HI is an inorganic compounds used as analytical reagent. HI have its application in pharmaceutical sector as disinfectant. NH₃ i.e. Ammonia is a colorless gas mainly used in fertilizers and to some extent as refrigerant.

Here we will study about the interactions between HI+NH₃, the product formed, type of reaction and much more about the two.

What is the product of HI and NH₃ ?

The product formed is Ammonium Iodide salt NH₄I when HI reacts with NH₃.In HI+NH₃ reaction the lone pair of Nitrogen attack (nucleophilically) the polarized HI bond to give Ammonium Iodide.

The reaction can be represented as-

HI+NH₃ —> NH₄I

What type of reaction is HI + NH₃ ?

HI+NH₃ is an acid-base reaction (Bronsted-Lowry). As proton transfer takes place between acid HI and base NH₃ making it neutralize in nature.

How to balance HI and NH₃ ?

The reaction between HI and NH₃ takes place as follows-
HI+NH₃ —> NH₄I
Which is balanced on it’s own. As both the reactant and product side have equivalent number of moles.

HI + NH₃ titration

The titration between HI and NH3 is a acid-base titration here HI acts as a strong acid and NH3 acts as a weak base.The steps of titration are as follows:-

Apparatus used

Beaker, burette, conical flask, and measuring cylinder.

Indicator

Methyl red is the indicator used here.

Procedure

• Make a batch solution of 250ml by adding HI and NH₃ .
• Measure with the cylinder.
• Now add a few drops of the indicator until the colour changes and the salt of NH₄I precipitates in the flask.

HI and NH₃ net ionic equation

• H⁺ +I^– + NH₃ —> NH⁺⁴ + I^–
• This is the net ionic equation of HI+NH₃
• The reaction of Hydroiodic acid and Ammonia results into Ammonium Iodide salt. It can be represented like this-
• HI_(aq)+NH_3(s) —>NH₄I_(ppt)
• While ammonia can be represented as N⁺ + H₃– —> NH₃

HI and NH₃ conjugate pairs

HI + NH₃ has following conjugate pairs:-

• The conjugate base pair of HI is I-l
• The conjugate acid-base pair of NH₃ is NH₄⁺ (Ammonia) and NH^-2 (Amide) respectively.

HI and NH₃ intermolecular forces

HI + NH₃ has the following intermolecular forces:

• The intermolecular forces in HI are London Dispersion forces and dipole-dipole forces.
• The intermolecular force in NH₃ is dipole-dipole force.

HI and NH₃ reaction enthalpy

The reaction enthalpy of HI+NH₃ is – 201kJ/mol which is negative i.e.energy is released.

Is HI and NH₃ a buffer solution?

The reaction HI + NH₃ acts as a buffer solution because NH₃ forms a hydrogen bond with water and acts as a weak base while the formation of NH₄I dissociates into NH₄⁺ which acts like a base and a pH of buffer solution is formed with ammonia and ammonium iodide.

Is HI and NH₃ a complete reaction?

HI+NH₃ is a complete reaction as the reactant are used up completely to form the product.

Is HI and NH₃ an exothermic or endothermic reaction?

HI+NH₃ is an exothermic reaction as energy is given out during the reaction making it exothermic in nature.

Is HI and NH₃ a redox reaction?

HI+NH₃ is not a redox reaction because neither oxidation nor reduction takes place in this reaction.

Is HI and NH₃ a precipitation reaction?

HI+NH₃ is a precipitation reaction as the product Ammonium Iodide (NH₄I) which is a precipitate is formed as a salt .

Is HI and NH₃ reversible or irreversible reaction?

HI+NH₃ is irreversible reaction as the product NH₄I is a precipitate which cannot be retained. .

Is HI and NH₃ displacement reaction?

HI+NH₃ is not a displacement reaction as there is no switching between the two compounds to form product.

Conclusion

Ammonium iodide (NH₄I), is the product formed between HI+NH₃ is used as photographic film and substrate. NH₄I is the inorganic compounds used for formation of Iodide.