Heptane Structure,Characteristics:37 Complete Quick Facts

In this article we will discuss about the Heptane Structure,Characteristics:37 Complete Quick Facts in detailed.

Heptane is the straight-chain alkane made up of seven carbon atoms and 16 hydrogen atoms, a C7H16 molecular formula.  Heptane is a colorless liquid with a molar mass of 100.205 g.mol-1 C7H16 has a petrolic odour.

How to draw heptane Lewis structure ?

Heptane is made up of a carbon atom which is metal with a four-valence electron while a hydrogen atom which is a gas with only one valence electron, is in their outermost orbital. All the terminal carbon in the heptane chain attaches to three hydrogens and one carbon atom and forms three single bonds while the inner carbons attach to two carbon and two hydrogen atoms and satisfy its valence. All the outermost valence shells of carbon and hydrogen are involved in bond formation in heptane hence there are no lone pair of electrons or nonbonding electrons.

heptane structure
Lewis structure of Heptane

Heptane Lewis structure resonance

Heptane molecule has unsymmetrical structure also this molecule does not contain double bond between the atoms hence C7H16 molecule does not show resonating structures. Those molecules which has a symmetrical structure with lone pair of electrons or double bond shows the resonating structure hence heptane does not show resonating effect.

Heptane Lewis structure shape

Heptane molecules contain a central atom as carbon which undergo Sp3 hybridization with a tetrahedron structure. Heptane molecule does not contain any lone pair or nonbonding electron hence its structure does not deviate from its original structure. Hence heptane shows a tetrahedral structure. The shape of the heptane depends on the hybridization of the atoms present in the C7H16 structure.

heptane structure
Tetrahedral shape of heptane (C7H16)

Heptane Lewis structure formal charge

The formal charge of all the atoms in the heptane (C7H16) molecule is zero. We calculated the formal charge of Heptane (C7H16) by using the below formula, The Lewis structure formal charges of heptane can be calculated by the following formula FC = V – N – B/2 Where V = no. of valence electrons, & N = no. of nonbonding electrons, B = no. of bonding electrons &nbsp

The formal charge of the Heptane (C7H16) Lewis’s structure

FC of C in C7H16 Lewis structure = 4 – 0 – (8/2) = 0

FC of H in C7H16 Lewis structure = 1-0-(1/2) = 0

Heptane Lewis structure octet rule

The octet rule tells us that all the atoms in the molecule possess the same valence shell electronic configuration as that of its nearest inert gas electronic configuration. In the case of the heptane (C7H16) molecule, it contains carbon and hydrogen atoms, carbon atom contains four valence electron it requires four more electrons to complete its octet hence carbon get these four electrons from neighboring carbon and hydrogen atoms and complete their valence shell electronic configuration of nearest inert gas that is neon.

Because in the periodic table neon also has eight valence shell electrons, (2s2,2p6). Also, the hydrogen atom has one electron in its outermost orbital it requires one more electron for completing its octet hence, hydrogen gets this one electron from the neighboring carbon atom and completes its valence shell electronic configuration of the nearest inert gas which is helium hence hydrogen follows duplet rule which is having two electrons in its valence electrons.

Heptane Lewis structure lone pairs

The lone pair of electrons of any molecule is the electrons which do not participate in the bond formation of that molecule. hence heptane molecule does not contain any lone pair of electrons because it forms all bond pairs within carbon and hydrogen atom. So, it has no nonbonding electrons.

Heptane valence electrons

In the heptane (C7H16) molecule valence electrons are present in the Carbon atom = 4, and there are seven carbon atoms present in the heptane molecule Also hydrogen atom has one valence electron in the heptane molecule there are 16 hydrogen atoms are present.   Hence in total, heptane has carbon containing 7 X 4 = 28 valence and hydrogen contain 1 X 16 = 16 so a total of 44 valence electrons is present out of carbon and hydrogen atoms, and carbon is the least electronegative atom (2.55) .

Heptane hybridization

Heptane molecules undergo Sp3 hybridization the central carbon atom undergoes Sp3 hybridization hence it has a tetrahedral geometry, it has all bond pairs of electrons.

Heptane solubility

Heptane is non-polar in nature it dissolves in non-polar solvents like benzene, and toluene is soluble in non-polar solvents. Non polar molecules do not have ability to dissolve in polar solvent. Hence heptane is not dissolved in water because water is polar in nature.

Is heptane soluble in water?

Heptane is not soluble in water because water is a polar solvent and hexane is non-polar in inability depending on like dissolve-like phenomena hence, the non-polar solvent is not dissolved in a polar solvent.

Is heptane soluble in hexane?

Yes, heptane is soluble in hexane because both are non-polar in nature.

Is heptane soluble in benzene?

Yes, heptane is soluble in benzene because benzene is non-polar in nature.

 Is heptane soluble in bromine?

When heptane is mixed with bromine it shows only a brown colour mixture it does not take place reaction. On the other hand, when we apply some reaction conditions like sunlight or heat, it undergoes a free radical reaction with heptane, which dissociates into a free radical when it dissolves in bromine.

Is heptane soluble in NaOH?

Heptane is not soluble in NaOH because heptane is non-polar while NaOH is polar hence heptane is not dissolved in NaOH.

Is heptane soluble in ethanol?

No heptane is not soluble in ethanol because ethanol is a polar solvent while heptane is non-polar. hence heptane is not dissolved in ethanol.

Is heptane soluble in isopropanol?

Yes, heptane is soluble in isopropanol because isopropanol is non-polar and heptane is also non-polar. Like, dissolve like hence heptane is soluble in isopropanol.

Is heptane an organic solvent?

Yes, heptane is a volatile organic solvent also it is a non-polar liquid  solvent.  organic solvents are usually non-polar hence heptane is an organic solvent.

Does heptane dissolve plastic?

No heptane does not dissolve plastic,

Does heptane dissolve silicone?

No heptane does not dissolve silicone, silicon dissolves in other hydrocarbons like toluene, xylene and ligroin etc.

Is heptane polar or nonpolar?

The molecule with a dipole moment is polar in nature and a molecule that does not have a dipole moment is non-polar because polar nature arises due to a dipole moment. Hence heptane has not any dipole moment therefore it is non-polar.

Is heptane saturated or unsaturated?

A molecule is said to be saturated when it contains a long chain of hydrocarbon and no double bond in between carbon atoms while a molecule is said to be unsaturated when it contains branch chain hydrocarbon with a double bond in a carbon atom, Hence heptane (C7H16) is a saturated hydrocarbon because it does not contain a double bond between carbon atoms.

Is heptane liquid at room temperature?

Yes, heptane is liquid at room temperature.

Is heptane a gas?

No, Heptane (C7H16) is not a gas.

Is heptane a hydrocarbon?

Yes, heptane is a straight chain hydrocarbon made up of seven carbon and 16 hydrogen atom all atoms are connected with a single bond.

Is heptane a strong electrolyte?

No heptane is not a strong electrolyte because it cannot dissolve in water and hence not dissociate into ions, so it can not conduct electricity. The electrolytes when dissolving in water dissociate into ions and conduct electricity. 

Is heptane aromatic?

No heptane is not aromatic because it contains a straight chain of hydrocarbon, C7H16 does not contain any aromatic ring hence it is aliphatic in nature.

Is heptane an acid or base?

Heptane (C7H16) is made up of 7 carbon and 16 hydrogens basically it is neutral in nature.

Is heptane single or double bond?

Heptane contains only a single bond between carbon and hydrogen, it does not contain any double bond.

Is heptane corrosive?

No heptane is not corrosive, because the corrosive molecule has highly reactive which may cause serious causes to any living things. Heptane is not corrosive but if its consumption above a certain level causes an eye or throat irritation. 

Does heptane evaporate?

 Yes, heptane evaporates because it is a colourless volatile liquid. Evaporation depends upon the boiling point of that molecule; The boiling point of heptane is 98.420C this molecule does not contain intermolecular hydrogen bonds, it does not contain strong attractive forces, hence C7H16 is evaporates.

Is heptane hydrophobic?

Yes, heptane is hydrophobic, because it does not dissolve in water it repels water and does not dissociate hence it is hydrophobic.

Is heptane ionic or covalent?

Heptane is covalent in nature because heptane forms a chemical bond by sharing electrons with each other and forming electrons pair between atoms which are called bonding pairs of electrons or shared pairs of electrons, Hence C7H16 is covalent in nature.

Is heptane less non-polar than hexane?

Heptane is less non-polar than hexane because heptane has zero dipole moment while hexane has 0.08 dipole moment, non-polar nature arises due to dipole moment. 

Is heptane volatile?

Yes, heptane (C7H16) is a volatile molecule.

Is heptane more volatile than pentane?

Heptane is less volatile than pentane because heptane contains intermolecular hydrogen bonding and atoms are strongly bonded with each other, also both heptane and pentane have a London dispersion force and heptane has more molecular weight than pentane hence in heptane this force is stronger than pentane hence pentane is more volatile than heptane.

Is heptane protic or aprotic?

Heptane is an aprotic solvent because this molecule does not act as a hydrogen bond donor.  The solvents act as hydrogen bond donors then it is called protic solvents while the solvent is not a hydrogen bond donor then it is called the aprotic solvent.

Is heptane heavier than water?

No heptane is not heavier than water because it does not contain strong intermolecular attraction of hydrogen bonding, while water molecules contain strong intermolecular attraction in hydrogen bonding, hence heptane is not heavier than water.

Conclusion

In this article, we will discuss the Lewis structure of heptane and its various properties and characteristics like Lewis structure , hybridization, polar nature , solubility boiling point , hydrophobic nature volatile nature.

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