15 Facts on HCl + Sb2S3: What, How To Balance & FAQs

Antimony trisulphide(Sb₂S₃) is also known as stibnite and it is a water insoluble compound. HCl is alkaline agent. Let us study briefly about HCl and Sb₂S₃ compounds.

Antimony trisulphide is a solid, dark gray-black color, odorless  compound. It is covalently bonded and it has a resonating structure. This is naturally occurring compound and ionic in nature. Hydrochloric acid has a pungent smell, colorless and it is soluble in water and ethanol,after heating it emits toxic fumes.

In this article we are going to discuss some properties such as displacement reaction, enthalpy, precipitation reaction,titration etc.

What is the product of HCl+Sb₂S₃ ?

HCl+Sb₂S₃ forms antimony trichloride (SbCl₃) and hydrogen sulfide gas(H₂S).

 Sb₂S₃ + 6HCl  → 2 SbCl₃  + 3H₂S

What type of reaction is HCl + Sb₂S₃ ?

HCl + Sb₂S₃ is a double displacement reaction.

How to balance HCl + Sb₂S₃ ?

The unbalanced reaction of HCl + Sb₂S₃ is written below-

Sb₂S₃ + HCl  → SbCl₃ + H2S

For balancing this reaction we should follow these steps-

• In this reaction the Sb atom is not equal on both reactant and product side of the equation.
• In the reactant side it is 2 and the product side it is 1, respectively
• Sb₂S₃ + HCl  → SbCl₃ + H₂S 
• For balancing this we will multiplied it on the product side by 2 and the reaction will become as
• Sb₂S₃+ HCl  → 2Sb₂Cl₃  + H₂S
• But the Cl atom is unbalanced now, so in the reactant side we will multiplied HCl by 6.
• Sb₂S₃ + 6HCl  → 2Sb₂S₃ + H₂S
• Now, the number of H atoms is unbalanced on the product side so we will multiply it by 3.
• Thus, we get our balanced reaction for HCl+Sb₂S₃.
• Sb₂S₃ + 6HCl  → 2Sb₂S₃ + 3H₂S

HCl + Sb₂S₃ titration ?

To estimate the amount of the salt Sb₂S₃ by HCl, we have to do titration.

Apparatus

• Burette
• Pipette
• Beaker
• Conical flask
• Volumetric flask

Indicator

In this titration phenolphthalein is used as a pH indicator.

Procedure

• Firstly weigh the unknown sample and take into the conical flask
•  In this sample add 100 ml water and heat for 10 to 15 min and  swirl it continuously.
• The sample is showing reddish color then it confirms that antimony trisulphide is present.
• And heat it until the H₂S gas is not removed from this sample. Add the concentrated HCl in this sample.
• Now add phenolphthalein as an indicator into the sample. 
• The color of this sample becomes pink and slowly it will disappear and the end point will occur.
• HCl is used as a titrant whose concentration is known.
• Sb₂S₃ is used as a titre whose concentration is unknown.
• The concentration of this solution is calculated m₁v₁ = m₂v₂.

HCl + Sb₂S₃ net ionic equation ?

The net ionic equation of HCl + Sb₂S₃ is written below-

Sb₂S₃(s) + 6H⁺(aq) + 6Cl^–(aq)  → 2Sb⁺³(aq) + 6Cl^–(aq) + 3H₂S(g)

Follow the below mentioned steps to get net ionic equation-

• The complete ionic equation is written as follows
• Sb⁺³(s) + S^-2(s)  + 6H⁺(aq) + 6Cl^–(aq)  → 2Sb⁺³(aq) + 6Cl^–(aq) + H⁺(g) + S^-2(g)
• In this equation Cl is a spectator ion that is removed from both reactant and product sides.
• After removing the spectator ions, we get our net ionic reaction.
• Thus, the net ionic equation is written below-
• Sb₂S₃(s) + 6H⁺(aq)  → 2Sb⁺³(aq) + 3H₂S(g)

HCl + Sb₂S₃ conjugate pairs ?

In this reaction of HCl + Sb₂S₃ the available conjugated pairs are as follows-

• Conjugate pair of H₂S = HS^–
• Conjugate pair of HCl  = Cl^–

HCl and Sb₂S₃ intermolecular forces ?

HCl + Sb₂S₃ has following intermolecular forces–

• HCl contains dipole dipole interaction because of the interaction of opposite charges. Induced dipole – induced dipole force also exists in this molecule.
• Sb₂S₃ contains covalant bond due to strong packaging in ions.

HCl + Sb₂S₃ reaction enthalpy ?

The reaction enthalpy of HCl+Sb₂S₃ is -336.7KJ/mol. This is calculated using this formula and values that is written below-

• (∆H) = ΣΔHf°(products) – ΣΔHf° (reactants)  

• (∆H) = [(-1578)+6(-167.1)-2(-381.2)+3(-20.6)] KJ/mol

• (∆H)=-336.7 KJ/mol

Is HCl + Sb₂S₃ a buffer solution ?

HCl+Sb₂S₃ reaction is not suitable for buffer solution because HCl is a strong acid which does not participate in buffer solution.

Is HCl + Sb₂S₃ a complete reaction ?

HCl+Sb₂S₃ reaction is a complete reaction because it gives two major products- antimony trichloride (SbCl₃) which is acidic in nature and Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is released as gas, so no further reaction is possible.

Is HCl+ Sb₂S₃ an exothermic or endothermic reaction ?

HCl+Sb₂S₃ reaction is exothermic in nature according to the thermodynamics law of conservation of energy, where the overall enthalpy is negative (-336.7 kJ/mol) and heat is released.

Is HCl+ Sb₂S₃ a redox reaction ?

HCl+Sb₂S₃ reaction is not a redox reaction because both the reactant and the product side oxidation states are similar and atoms are not changing their oxidation state.

Is HCl + Sb₂S₃ a precipitation reaction ?

HCl+Sb₂S₃ reaction is not a precipitation reaction because the product SbCl₃ is soluble in water.

Is HCl + Sb₂S₃ reversible or irreversible reaction ?

HCl + Sb₂S₃ reaction is an irreversible reaction because the nature of the product antimony trichloride (Sb₂Cl₃) is acidic and this type of product gives forward direction reactions due to shifting of equilibrium.

Is HCl + Sb₂S₃ displacement reaction ?

HCl+Sb₂S₃ reaction is a type of double displacement reaction because in this reaction the Sb⁺² ion is displaced by the H⁺ ion from the HCl and the S^-2 is displaced from Sb₂S₃.

Sb₂S₃ + 6HCl  → 2 SbCl₃  + 3H₂S

Conclusion

The above article defines the reaction between Sb₂S₃ + HCl gives a lewis acid antimony trichloride (Sb₂Cl₃) with the sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄). Antimony trisulfide has various uses in industries such as glass formation, painting, also used as starting materials in antimony compounds.