Beryllium belongs to the category of alkaline (earth) metals. Even though it is brittle but is strong enough and lightweight. Let us study some facts about it.
Beryllium has a hexagonal close packed crystal structure. In appearance it is a white grey colored solid (at room temperature) and belongs to the s-block of elements. The extraction of this element is carried out from beryl (consisting of beryllium and aluminium silicate).
Extraction process is quite difficult as the bonding between the oxygen and beryllium atom is very strong. Let us study some properties of beryllium like melting and boiling point, energies of ionization, etc.
Beryllium Symbol
Every element in the periodic table has a code, which solely belongs to that element only. Let us look at the symbol of Beryllium.
The chemical element Beryllium has the symbol Be in the periodic table.
Beryllium group in periodic table
The column in the periodic table where elements are placed is referred to as a group. Let us find out which group Beryllium belongs to.
Beryllium is placed in the group 2, where all the alkali earth metals are situated.
Beryllium period in periodic table
The rows in the periodic table are called as the periods. Let us see which row Beryllium is placed.
Beryllium is placed in the period 2 of the periodic table of elements.
Beryllium block in periodic table
There is a division of elements in periodic table based on their valence electrons which is called as a block. Let us see which block Beryllium belongs to.
Beryllium is situated in the s block of elements of the periodic table (alkaline earth metals).
Beryllium atomic number
The number of protons that a nucleus contains in an atom is known as atomic number of that atom. Let us see the atomic number for the atom of Beryllium.
The atomic number of Beryllium element is 4. Hence there are 4 protons in Be atom.
Beryllium atomic weight
Atomic mass is calculated as a ratio of mass (average) of elements to a standard value. Let us check for Beryllium.
The atomic weight of the Beryllium element is 9.01 g/mol.
Beryllium Electronegativity according to Pauling
When a covalent bonding is taking place the tendency of atom to pull the electrons towards itself is called as electronegativity. Let us find for Beryllium.
According to Pauling the electronegativity of the Beryllium element is 1.57.
Beryllium atomic density
Atomic density of an element can be found out by dividing mass by the quantity volume. Let us analyze for Beryllium.
The atomic density of Beryllium is 1.85 g/cm3 (at room temperature).
Beryllium melting point
The temperature at which Beryllium will change from solid to liquid form is called its melting point.
The melting point of the Beryllium element is 1287 °C.
Beryllium boiling point
The temperature where Beryllium will start boiling and transform into vapour is called as its boiling point.
The boiling point of the Beryllium element is 2469°C.
Beryllium Vanderwaals radius
The radius of the sphere (imaginary) depicting a distance that is closest to another nearby atom. Let us find for Beryllium.
The Vanderwaals radius for Beryllium element is 153 pm.
Beryllium covalent radius
The distance between atoms when they form bonds covalently. Let us see for Beryllium.
The covalent radius for the Beryllium element is 96 pm.
Beryllium isotopes
Proton number remains the same but the neutron number changes, these type of substances are called as isotopes. Let us see for Beryllium.
The Beryllium element has total of 12 isotopes. But the common ones are mentioned below.
- 7Be
- 9Be
- 10Be
Beryllium electronic shells
Electronic shells are around nucleus having specific number of electrons in it. Let us find for Beryllium.
The number of electronic shells in Beryllium element is 2. And 2 electrons are there in each of the two shells.
Beryllium energy of first ionisation
Ionisation energy is referred to the energy required to take out the electron most loosely bond. First IE is to remove the outer electron. Let us see for Be.
The first ionisation energy for Beryllium element is 899.5 kJ/mol.
Beryllium energy of second ionisation
Second ionisation energy is the energy to remove the electron, where first electron is already removed. Let us see for Be.
The second ionisation energy for Beryllium element is 1757.1 kJ/mol.
Beryllium energy of third ionisation
Third ionisation energy is energy required to remove an electron, where two electrons are already removed. Let us check for Beryllium.
The third ionisation energy for Beryllium element is 14848.7 kJ/mol.
Beryllium oxidation states
The capability of atom to gain and loose electron for bond formation is referred to as oxidation state. Let us see for Beryllium.
The oxidation states of Beryllium element are 0, +1 and +2.
Beryllium electronic configuration
The placement of electrons in orbitals is depicted by electronic configuration. Let us find for Beryllium.
The electronic configuration of Beryllium element is 1s22s2.
Beryllium CAS number
A number given to every element for identifying purpose which can contain 10 digits is called as CAS number. Let us check for Beryllium.
The CAS number for Beryllium element is 7440-41-7.
Beryllium ChemSpider ID
By using Chemspider ID one can find data from thousands of structures from data sources. Let us check for Beryllium.
The ChemSpider ID for Beryllium element is 4573986.
Beryllium Chemical Classification
With this we can understand the element in much better way. Let us analyze for Beryllium.
The following are the characteristics of Beryllium:
- Beryllium comes under the non-magnetic category.
- It has nuclear applications (as it has high melting point).
- Its reactivity with oxygen is very good.
- Beryllium has high thermal conductivity and is quite dense, hence can be used for purpose of construction.
Beryllium state at room temperature
Let us find out the physical state at which Beryllium occurs at room temperature.
Beryllium occurs as solid state at room temperature.
Is Beryllium paramagnetic?
Paramagnetic substance is attracted by magnetic field(weak). Let us find for Beryllium.
Beryllium element is diamagnetic in nature. It will repel all kind of magnetic field.
Conclusion
Beryllium belongs to group 2 and period 2 of the periodic table. It is lightweight, brittle but a strong element.
This is Sania Jakati from Goa. I am an aspiring chemist pursuing my post graduation in organic chemistry. I believe education is the key element that moulds you into a great human being both mentally and physically. I’m glad to be a member of scintillating branch of chemistry and will try my best to contribute whatever I can from my side and Lambdageeks is the best platform where I can share as well as gain knowledge at the same time.